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HISTO > Cartilage > Flashcards

Cartilage Flashcards

1
Q

Connective tissue specialized to function as a
supporting or weight-bearing tissue

A

CARTILAGE

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2
Q

It has a firm pliable matrix that resists mechanical
stress.
Acts as template for bone formation

A

CARTILAGE

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3
Q

Three types of cartilage:

A
  1. Hyaline
  2. Elastic
  3. Fibrocartilage
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4
Q

BASIC COMPONENTS of cartilage

A

PERICHONDRIUM
MATRIX
CARTILAGE CELLS

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5
Q

Vascular and supply nutrients to the cell.

A

PERICHONDRIUM

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6
Q

Makes up the ground substance -
Glycosaminoglycans & Proteoglycans
Elastic and Collagen Fibers

A

MATRIX

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7
Q

Cartilage cells within small cavities called

A

lacunae

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8
Q

Chondrogenic Cells, Chondroblast, Chondrocyte

A

CARTILAGE CELLS

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9
Q

Most abundant & template for endochondral bone
formation.
Bluish-gray, semitranslucent, pliable

A

Hyaline Cartilage

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10
Q

Found in Nose & Larynx, Coastal Cartilage, Cartilage
of Larynx (thyroid and cricoid cartilage), Bronchi &
Articulating, Articulating Surface of Joints.

A

Hyaline Cartilage

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11
Q

Yellow in fresh state and opaque.The presence of collagen fibers and elastic

A

Elastic Cartilage

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12
Q

▪ Found in the Pinna of the Ear, Epiglottis, Medial Part
of Auditory tubes.

A

Elastic Cartilage

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13
Q

Very tough and strong but resilient
Has great tensile strength and consider strength.

A

Fibrocartilage

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14
Q

Found in the Pinna of the Ear, Epiglottis, Medial Part
of Auditory tubes.

A

Elastic Cartilage

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15
Q

A highly vascularized living connective tissue in which
the matrix is calcified by the deposition of calcium
phosphates.
It provides shape and support for the body

A

BONE

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16
Q

Protects vital organ and helps transmission of body
weight.
For muscle attachment and levers for locomotion
Involve in erythropoiesis

A

BONE

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17
Q

type of bones

A
  1. COMPACT
  2. SPONGY/CANCELLOUS
  3. DIPLOIC BONES
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18
Q

The very dense bone on the outside
surface made of bony plates arrange compactly.

A

COMPACT

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19
Q

The porous portion lining
the morrow cavity. This is irregular arrangement of
lamellae with spaces called trabeculae/spicules

A

SPONGY/CANCELLOUS

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20
Q

Is made up of inner and outer
tables of compact bone with interval. The interval is
occupied by bone marrow and diploic veins.

A

DIPLOIC BONES

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21
Q

Mineral salts which is 65% of its dry weight.
▪ A substance is formed called hydroxyapatite
crystals. (40 nm x 25 nm x 1.5-3 nm)
▪ Hydration shell is formed that permits ion
exchange with the extracellular fluid.

A

inorganic component

22
Q

becomes flexible that can be bent like
a rubber.

A

Decalcified –

23
Q

35% of its dry weight
▪ Type I collagen fibers present.
▪ Acidic polysaccharides are present.
▪ Glycoproteins and Proteoglycan are also present.

A

organic component

24
Q

Gross classification of bones

A
  1. LONG BONES
  2. SHORT BONES
  3. FLAT BONES
  4. IRREGULAR BONES
  5. SESAMOID BONES
25
Q

Gross classification of bones: Has shaft between two heads

A

LONG BONES

26
Q

Gross classification of bones: Same width and length

A

SHORT BONES

27
Q

Gross classification of bones: Thin and Plate-like

A

FLAT BONES

28
Q

Gross classification of bones: Irregular shaped

A

IRREGULAR BONES

29
Q

Gross classification of bones: Developed within tendon where increase the
mechanical advantage for muscle across joints.

A

SESAMOID BONES

30
Q

ex of flat bone

A

parietal bone

31
Q

ex irregular bone

A

vertebra

32
Q

ex of long bone

A

humerus

33
Q

ex short bones

A

carpal bones

34
Q

Macroscopic structure

A
  1. Medullary Cavity
  2. Bone Marrow
  3. Periosteum
  4. Endosteum
35
Q

Cylindrical cavity inside the shaft filled with
bone marrow

A

Medullary Cavity

36
Q

Hemopoietic organ

A

Bone Marrow

37
Q

Connective tissue covering on the external
portion of the bone.

A

Periosteum

38
Q

Lining at the medullary cavity.
Lined with monolayer of cells. (osteoprogenitor
cells & osteoblast).

A

Endosteum

39
Q

Bone Cells

A
  1. OSTEOPROGENITOR CELLS
  2. OSTEOBLAST
  3. OSTEOCYTES
  4. OSTEOCLAST
40
Q

Undergo mitosis and differentiates into osteoblast.
▪ Appears as flattened cells with slightly staining, elongate, or ovoid nuclei.

A

OSTEOPROGENITOR CELLS

41
Q

OSTEOPROGENITOR CELLS The cytoplasm is

A

inconspicuous acidophilic or
slightly basophilic cytoplasm

42
Q

It also function for the maintenance and nutritional
support of osteocytes in the underlying matrix.

A

OSTEOPROGENITOR CELLS

43
Q

Synthesis of organic components of matrix
▪ Its organelles are polarized
▪ It form gap junction from neighboring cells.

A

OSTEOBLAST

44
Q

Mature bone cells trapped in lacunae.
▪ 20,000 – 30,000/mm3
▪ Responsible for maintenance of bone matrix.
▪ It has a canaliculi a fine tunnel that contract
neighboring cells.

A

OSTEOCYTES

45
Q

Smaller in size due to reduced perinuclear capsule.
▪ The nucleus is very prominent

A

OSTEOCYTES

46
Q

Originating from granulocyte-macrophage
progenitors.
* It is multinucleated cells responsible for resorbing bone.

A

OSTEOCLAST

47
Q

HOWSHIP’S LACUNAE

A
  1. BASAL ZONE
  2. RUFFLED BORDER
  3. CLEAR ZONE
  4. VASICULAR ZONE
48
Q

Hold most organelles and located farthest from Howship lacuna

A

BASAL ZONE

49
Q

Cell portion directly involved in cell resorption which
forms the sub osteoclastic compartment

A

RUFFLED BORDER

50
Q
  • Immediately surrounding the periphery of the
    ruffled border.
  • The presence of actin microfilament forms the actin
    ring.
  • Sealing Zone is present.
A

CLEAR ZONE

51
Q

It has lysosomal enzymes and metalloproteinases.
* Between the basal zone and the ruffled border

A

VASICULAR ZONE

HISTO (4 decks)

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