Carotid disease

Question 1

What is ccarotid artery stenosis

Answer 1

Athersclerotic degenerative disease of common carotid/internal carotid artery

Question 2

What are the risk factors of carotid disease

Answer 2

Age, smoking, hypertension and diabetes

Question 3

What are the symptoms of carotid disease

Answer 3

Amaurosis fugax (loss of vision)

Transient ischemic attack of reversible brain ischemia

Ipsilateral ischemic stroke

Question 4

What is the clinical presentation of carotid artery stenosis

Answer 4

Mostly asymptomatic
1. Carotid bruit

Symptomatic
TIA, amaurosis fugax, ischemic stroke

Question 5

What is the risk of stroke after TIA presentation

Answer 5

10% within 7 days, 50% of them within 24 hours

Carotid stenosis over 50% is 20% risk

Question 6

What is the ABCDD score for carotid disease

Answer 6

Age over 60
BP 140/90
Clinical (speech disturbance - 1 point, unilateral weakness - 2 points)
Duration (10-59 minutes 1 point, >60 minutes 2 points)
Diabetes

Question 7

What is the management of carotid artery disease

Answer 7

Best medical therapy

Question 8

What are the indications of carotid endarterectomy

Answer 8

Any patients with 80% stenosis and above

Symptomatic male patients with 50% stenosis or more with 5 year expectancy

Symptomatic female patients with 70% stenosis or more with 5 year life expectancy