Cariology I Flashcards
What is the paradox of dental caries?
A paradoxon: Teeth can be destroyed relatively rapidly in vivo and yet are almost indestructible post mortem
What are the three main factors of caries?
Tooth, bacteria, sugar
What was the rate of caries in Paleolithic times?
2%
Can you cause caries in the laboratory?
Yes. you need a tooth, test tube, incubation, bacteria, substrate for bacteria (sugar)
Do animals get caries?
yes
What was the caries rate in the neolithic period?
~9%
In ancient humans, what was the prevalent caries location?
CEJ due to lack of agriculture and therefore lack of grooves and fissures
In modern man, what was the prevalent caries location?
grooves and fissures
Caries affected which population in the 1700s?
wealthy
Who is the patron saint of dentistry?
St. Apollonia, February 9
What happened in the 1700s that spiked dental caries?
cheap sugar cane, 1700-1800, industrialization
In Europe, less than ___ of individuals had cavities until Alexander the Great brought sugar to Greece in the 4th century BCE
In Europe, less than 10% of individuals had cavities until Alexander the Great brought sugar to Greece in the 4th centure BCE.
When was the biggest spike in dental caries?
The biggest spike was from 1800 to 1850, when Britain took control of the West Indies and imported far more sugar than previously
Why was there an increase in dental caries in 1874?
• In 1874, the British reduced the tax on sugar, and it became available to all social classes.
By the middle of the 20th century, between ___ and ____ of the population in Europe and the US had cavities.
• By the middle of the 20th century, between 50% and 90% of the population in Europe and the US had cavities.
Is dental caries still a problem?
It depends.
Is there an increase or decrease in caries?
declining in all the countries
What countries had the highest caries rate in 1971?
Norway, New Zealand, Finland… Why?
Fl in toothpaste
Why is Africa so low?
Diet, didn’t have access to sugar
Why was Canada lower than US in 2003?
water fluoridation
What was the the earliest theory of caries?
bTooth worm
Tooth ache caused by a worm that drank the blood of the teeth and fed on the roots
Chinese character.
Treatment by fumigation
What was the theory of imbalance of humors?
blood (sanguine), Phlegm (phlegmatic), black bile (melancholic), and yellow bile (choleric)
Vital Theory (until mid 19th century)
Decay originates within the tooth itself
What was the chemical theory?>
parmly (1819): “chymical agent” from putrified food
Robertson (1835), Regnanrt (1938): inorganic acids
