Cariology Flashcards
What is the definition of Caries?
Localised destruction of susceptible dental hard tissues by acidic byproducts from bacterial fermentation of dietary carbohydrates
How many Primary Teeth are there?
20
What are the names of the Primary Teeth?
4 Central Incisors
4 Lateral Incisors
4 Canines
4 First Molars
4 Second Molars
How many Permanent Teeth are there?
32
What are the names of the Permanent Teeth?
4 Central Incisors
4 Lateral Incisors
4 Canines
4 First premolars
4 Second premolars
4 First molars
4 Second molars
4 Third molars (wisdom teeth)
Does Maxillary refer to upper or lower teeth?
Upper
Does Mandibular refer to upper or lower teeth?
Lower
What are the Dental Notation Systems?
FDI (World Dental Federation)
Universal/American System
Palmer Classification
What is the definition of Dental Caries?
A bacterial disease of the calcified tissue of the teeth characterised by demineralisation of the inorganic and destruction of the organic substance of the tooth
How do Dental Caries occur?
Due to the demineralisation of enamel and dentine by organic acids formed by bacteria in dental plaque through the anaerobic metabolism of sugars derived from the diet
What characteristics to look for in teeth?
- Location
- Colour
- Roughness
- Cavitation
What are four factor theories for aetiology?
- Bacteria plaque
- Diet
- Teeth
- Time
What are the virulence factors of cariogenic bacteria?
1) Acid production (acidogenicity)
2) Acid tolerance (aciduricity)
3) Glucan formation
What are the external modifying risk factors of Diet?
- Amount
- Composition
- Frequency
What is the occlusal surface that has caries susceptibility?
Fissure of the molars
What are the Posterior Approximal that has caries susceptibility?
- Mesial and distal surfaces of the first molars
- Mesial surfaces of the second molars and distal surface of the second premolars
- Distal and mesial surfaces of the maxillary first premolars
- Distal surfaces of canines and mesial surfaces of the mandibular first premolars
What is the Anterior Approximal that has caries susceptibility?
Approximal surfaces of the maxillary incisors
What is the Stephan Curve?
A graph that illustrates how pH levels in the mouth change over time after consuming fermentable carbohydrates, such as sugar
What is the Critical pH of enamel?
5.5
What happens when the pH falls below critical?
When the pH drops below this point, your teeth start to demineralise or dissolve
What is the Critical pH of dentine?
6.2
What are the risk factors of Caries?
- Bad bacteria
- Absence of saliva
- Dietary habits (poor)
What are protective factors of Caries?
- Saliva and Sealants
- Antibacterials
- Fluoride
- Effective diet
What are the disease indicators of Caries?
- White spots
- Restoration < 3 years
- Enamel lesions
- Cavities/dentin
