Cario Flashcards
These lesions are rough upon exploration
White spot lesions
These type of caries are found in areas where caries don’t usually occur on
rampant caries
This area has a very thin layer of enamel or none at all
Faults
This is the decay of the hard tissues of teeth
Dental caries
Caries in english is
Rot or Decay
If there is tooth caries there is a tooth cavity. True or False
False.
This is the latin phrase for Very imporant
sine qua non
What are the inorganic portion of the hard tissues of teeth and their percentages?
Enamel - 96-98%
Dentin - 60-64%
Cementum - 50%
What is the organic portion of teeth?
Protein of the teeth
These are the susceptible dental hard tissue (4)
Faults
Contact areas
Contact points
Rough surfaces and fissures other than the occlusal surface
This layer covers our teeth has live microorgranisms
Biofilm
What is a biofilm if it is devoid of live microorgranisms?
An acquired pellicle
Is caries contagious?
No.
What are the factors associated with caries?(4)
Host
Microbial flora
Substrate
TIme
Caries prognosis is _______
Expected course of dental caries
Difference between active caries and inactive caries?
Active caries is always progressing while inactive caries won’t progress.
This includes the detection and assessment of caries signs like lesions to determine presence of the disease
Caries Diagnosis
This implies that there is no signs of caries
Caries Free
This type of management should be minimally invasive and should be able to conserve the natural tooth structure
Surgical or Operative management
What are the different strategies associated with non surgical management of caries? (4)
Physical barriers
biofilm modification
Remineralization through chemotherapeutic interventions
change in patient behavior
Caries prevention is the _________ of caries
inhibition
This describes that a microorganism is able to promote caries
Cariogenic
This states that a microorganism is able to produce acids
Acidogenic
This is the potention of something to create caries
cariogenicity
difference between dental plaque and dental biofilm
dental plaque is a clinical term
what is dental biofilm?
consortium of microorganisms that are stuck on the tooth surface
what is a caries lesion?
Clinical manifestation of caries diseases
Non cavitated lesions are characterized by (3)
Change in color
Glossiness
Surface structure
What are the 4 periods that dental caries were present in?
Neolithic
Bronze
Iron
Medieval
What is the oldest evidence of caries? (date, place and name of craniums)
1921
Broken hill, Northern Rhodesia (Zambia)
Zinc mine
Homo Rhodesiensis cranium
which is an African version of Homo Heidelbergensis
What are the early writings about dental caries? (5)
Sumerian text Homer Ebers papyrus Sargonid dynasty of Assyria Guy de chauliac
What are the 4 early theories on causes of dental caries?
Legend of worms
Endogenous theories
Chemical theory
Parasitic theory
What are the 4 body humors?
Yellow and black bile
Blood
Phlegm
This was the first person to reject the worm theory?
Gaubari
Who are under the early studies? Give their contributions. (3)
Pierre Fauchard - Father of modern dentistry and stated sugar is a possible cause of cavities
Willoughby D. Miller - First oral microbiologist and microorganisms caused caries
Miller and G.V. black and J.L. Williams - researched about plaque and investigated the causes of dental caries
What are the endogenous theories?
Humoral theory
Vital theory
Explain the Vital theory
This basically states that caries starts from within the tooth like a bone gangrene
This person talked about an unidentified chymal agent is responsible for caries
Parmly
Robertson prosed that dental decay was caused by?
Acid formed by the fermentation of food particles around the teeth
He described that there were filamentous organisms in the membrane of teeth
Erdl
Who talked about Denticolae?
Ficnus
They stated that living microorgranisms continued the disintegration in both enamel and dentin
Leber and Rottenstein
They stated that bacteria were essential to caries but acids came from an exogenous source
Clark, Tomes and Magitot
they presented a septic theory
Underwood and Miller
Discovered different strains of lactobacilli
Fernando E. Rodriguez Vargas
Killian clarke discoverd?
Bacterial strains streptococcus mutans caused cavities
Hamster studies by ________ & ________ showed the direct correlation of bacteria and cavities
R.J. Fitzgerald and Paul Keyes
What are the 2 steps of the chemo-parasitic theory?
Decalcification of enamel and dentin
Dissolution of the softened residue
Who proposed the chemo-parasitic theory?
Willoughby D. Miller
What are the 3 factors according to chemo-parasitic theory?
Oral microorganisms
Carbohydrate substrates
Acids
What are the drawbacks of the acidogenic theory? (3)
Predilection of specific sites on the tooth
Initiation of smooth surface caries
Some populations are caries free
The theory that the Gottlieb and Gottlieb proposed?
Proteolytic theory
Proteolytic theory states that it destroys the ____________ matter first then the decalcification of the hard tissues
organic
what are the pathways for microorgranism invasion through the enamel?
Enamel lamellae and/or enamel rod sheaths
Drawbacks of the proteolytic theory
No sufficient evidences
Caries still occurred even in absence of proteolytic microorganisms
