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Cario > Cario > Flashcards

Cario Flashcards

1
Q

These lesions are rough upon exploration

A

White spot lesions

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2
Q

These type of caries are found in areas where caries don’t usually occur on

A

rampant caries

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3
Q

This area has a very thin layer of enamel or none at all

A

Faults

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4
Q

This is the decay of the hard tissues of teeth

A

Dental caries

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5
Q

Caries in english is

A

Rot or Decay

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6
Q

If there is tooth caries there is a tooth cavity. True or False

A

False.

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7
Q

This is the latin phrase for Very imporant

A

sine qua non

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8
Q

What are the inorganic portion of the hard tissues of teeth and their percentages?

A

Enamel - 96-98%
Dentin - 60-64%
Cementum - 50%

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9
Q

What is the organic portion of teeth?

A

Protein of the teeth

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10
Q

These are the susceptible dental hard tissue (4)

A

Faults
Contact areas
Contact points
Rough surfaces and fissures other than the occlusal surface

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11
Q

This layer covers our teeth has live microorgranisms

A

Biofilm

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12
Q

What is a biofilm if it is devoid of live microorgranisms?

A

An acquired pellicle

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13
Q

Is caries contagious?

A

No.

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14
Q

What are the factors associated with caries?(4)

A

Host
Microbial flora
Substrate
TIme

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15
Q

Caries prognosis is _______

A

Expected course of dental caries

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16
Q

Difference between active caries and inactive caries?

A

Active caries is always progressing while inactive caries won’t progress.

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17
Q

This includes the detection and assessment of caries signs like lesions to determine presence of the disease

A

Caries Diagnosis

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18
Q

This implies that there is no signs of caries

A

Caries Free

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19
Q

This type of management should be minimally invasive and should be able to conserve the natural tooth structure

A

Surgical or Operative management

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20
Q

What are the different strategies associated with non surgical management of caries? (4)

A

Physical barriers
biofilm modification
Remineralization through chemotherapeutic interventions
change in patient behavior

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21
Q

Caries prevention is the _________ of caries

A

inhibition

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22
Q

This describes that a microorganism is able to promote caries

A

Cariogenic

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23
Q

This states that a microorganism is able to produce acids

A

Acidogenic

24
Q

This is the potention of something to create caries

A

cariogenicity

25
Q

difference between dental plaque and dental biofilm

A

dental plaque is a clinical term

26
Q

what is dental biofilm?

A

consortium of microorganisms that are stuck on the tooth surface

27
Q

what is a caries lesion?

A

Clinical manifestation of caries diseases

28
Q

Non cavitated lesions are characterized by (3)

A

Change in color
Glossiness
Surface structure

29
Q

What are the 4 periods that dental caries were present in?

A

Neolithic
Bronze
Iron
Medieval

30
Q

What is the oldest evidence of caries? (date, place and name of craniums)

A

1921
Broken hill, Northern Rhodesia (Zambia)
Zinc mine

Homo Rhodesiensis cranium
which is an African version of Homo Heidelbergensis

31
Q

What are the early writings about dental caries? (5)

A 
Sumerian text
Homer 
Ebers papyrus
Sargonid dynasty of Assyria
Guy de chauliac
32
Q

What are the 4 early theories on causes of dental caries?

A

Legend of worms
Endogenous theories
Chemical theory
Parasitic theory

33
Q

What are the 4 body humors?

A

Yellow and black bile
Blood
Phlegm

34
Q

This was the first person to reject the worm theory?

A

Gaubari

35
Q

Who are under the early studies? Give their contributions. (3)

A

Pierre Fauchard - Father of modern dentistry and stated sugar is a possible cause of cavities

Willoughby D. Miller - First oral microbiologist and microorganisms caused caries

Miller and G.V. black and J.L. Williams - researched about plaque and investigated the causes of dental caries

36
Q

What are the endogenous theories?

A

Humoral theory

Vital theory

37
Q

Explain the Vital theory

A

This basically states that caries starts from within the tooth like a bone gangrene

38
Q

This person talked about an unidentified chymal agent is responsible for caries

A

Parmly

39
Q

Robertson prosed that dental decay was caused by?

A

Acid formed by the fermentation of food particles around the teeth

40
Q

He described that there were filamentous organisms in the membrane of teeth

A

Erdl

41
Q

Who talked about Denticolae?

A

Ficnus

42
Q

They stated that living microorgranisms continued the disintegration in both enamel and dentin

A

Leber and Rottenstein

43
Q

They stated that bacteria were essential to caries but acids came from an exogenous source

A

Clark, Tomes and Magitot

44
Q

they presented a septic theory

A

Underwood and Miller

45
Q

Discovered different strains of lactobacilli

A

Fernando E. Rodriguez Vargas

46
Q

Killian clarke discoverd?

A

Bacterial strains streptococcus mutans caused cavities

47
Q

Hamster studies by ________ & ________ showed the direct correlation of bacteria and cavities

A

R.J. Fitzgerald and Paul Keyes

48
Q

What are the 2 steps of the chemo-parasitic theory?

A

Decalcification of enamel and dentin

Dissolution of the softened residue

49
Q

Who proposed the chemo-parasitic theory?

A

Willoughby D. Miller

50
Q

What are the 3 factors according to chemo-parasitic theory?

A

Oral microorganisms
Carbohydrate substrates
Acids

51
Q

What are the drawbacks of the acidogenic theory? (3)

A

Predilection of specific sites on the tooth
Initiation of smooth surface caries
Some populations are caries free

52
Q

The theory that the Gottlieb and Gottlieb proposed?

A

Proteolytic theory

53
Q

Proteolytic theory states that it destroys the ____________ matter first then the decalcification of the hard tissues

A

organic

54
Q

what are the pathways for microorgranism invasion through the enamel?

A

Enamel lamellae and/or enamel rod sheaths

55
Q

Drawbacks of the proteolytic theory

A

No sufficient evidences

Caries still occurred even in absence of proteolytic microorganisms

Cario (1 decks)

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