Caries prevalence and prevention Flashcards
ILO 5.1: have knowledge of the principles and practice of health promotion and how these are applied at the individual, community and population level
epidemiology definition
the study of the distribution and determinants of diseases in populations
determinants definition
cause or risk factor
population definition
groups of individuals - geographic/area/community/community of interest
counts definition
number of people affected by a particular condition at a particular time and area
prevalence definition
proportion (%) of population with a disease at any given point or period
incidence definition
number of new cases of a disease in a defined population over a defined period of time (rate)
what is standardised data?
data that takes into account population age - structure
what are the three ways to measure dental caries?
DMF index
ICDAS
significant caries index
what is the DMF index?
number of decayed, missing and filled teeth (or surfaces DMFS)
what is ICDAS?
international caries detection and assessment system - restorative status and caries status scores
what is the significant caries index?
takes into account skewed distribution of caries in a population
what strategies are in place for preventing caries in populations?
3
- high risk individuals approach (clinical risk assessment)
- targeted population approach (targeting areas of deprivation/communities)
- whole population approach (universal)
what strategies are in place for delivery of fluoride?
3
- toothpaste
- water fluoridisation
- communuity fluoride schemes
what strategies are in place for diet improvement?
5
- links with obesity
- actions to reduce sugar
- loacal community / school
- industry (sugar substitutes, reformulation, labelling)
- sugar tax
what does the risk factor of diet contribute to?
5
- obesity/overweight
- diabetes
- cancers
- cardiovascular disease
- dental caries
