Caregiver - instant interactions Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of attachment

A

Attachment is a strong, enduring , emotional and reciprocal bond between two people
(especially an infant and caregiver)

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2
Q

What behaviours indicate that and attachment has been formed

who came up with it

A

Maccoby,1980
- Proximity seeking
- Separation anxiety
- secure base behaviour (will explore when the caregiver is present/sense of safety)

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3
Q

What is a caregiver

A

Any person who is providing free care for the child (parent, grandparent)

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4
Q

What is interactional synchrony

A

Caregiver and the child mirror what the other is doing in terms of facial expressions, movement etc
At the same time

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5
Q

What is reciprocity

A

Responding to the action of another person with a similar action.

Actions from one person will elicit a response in another. Not at the same time
e.g. A mum talking to her baby and the baby smiling

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6
Q

What is caregiverese

A

Adults who interact using a modified form of vocal language that is high pitched
Aids communication between carer and infant

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7
Q

What is the research into reciprocity and why did the researcher say it is important

A

Brazelton (1979) - still face experiment
. Where a mother stopped interacting/using reciprocity with her baby by having a straight face causing it distress etc
. Early reciprocity is essential and important for the babies later communication and development

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8
Q

What is the research into interactional synchrony

A

Meltzoff and Moore - They videoed 12-21 day old babies as they watched an adult doing 3 different facial expressions.
- The child’s response was filmed and identified by independent observers
- Shown that the beginnings of interactional synchrony in babies as young as 2 weeks old

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9
Q

How would you evaluate research into caregiver-infant interactions

A
  • Usually filmed in a laboratory
  • practical issues
  • Does not tell us its developmental importance
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10
Q

How would you evaluate research into caregiver-infant interactions
( usually filmed in a laboratory)

A
  • High internal validity and can establish cause and effect due to it being a controlled setting
  • Usually videotaped allowing researchers to re-watch the footage and analyse using micro-sequencing
  • Baby’s cannot show demand characteristics

This all allows high reliability and it is standardised giving it more scientific credibility

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11
Q

How would you evaluate research into caregiver-infant interactions (practice issues)

A
  • Babies have unpredictable sleeping (new born babies sleep 14-17hrs a day) and eating schedules. This means the researchers must work around these factors and can make data collection inconsistent
  • Babies also cannot follow instructions or provide verbal communication so their behaviour is relied on observations which can cause misinterpretation
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11
Q

How would you evaluate research into caregiver-infant interactions
(developmental importance)

A
  • How do we know if it is coincidence or not
  • Difficult to asses intentionality
  • Babies have limited ways of expressing themselves and smiling, pointing etc may not be intentional responses to their caregiver but rather coincidental movements
  • Researchers must draw inferences producing an element of bias
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