Caregiver-infant interactions

Question 1

reciprocity

Answer 1

• Child and adult respond to eachother through sounds & movement = forms base of attatchment
• Meltzoff & Moore = babies 12-27 days attempt to immitate facial and physical gestures.

Question 2

Interactional synchrony

Answer 2

• mirroring eachothers facial and body movements
• Feldman (2007) = serves a critical role in good child development.

Question 3

Brazelton (1975)

Answer 3

• videotapes of 12 babies and mothers play behaviour examined for 12 months
• revealed 3 phases of play = attention and build-up, recovery, turning away.

Question 4

Brazelton (1975) evaluation

Answer 4

Concluded that the three phases of play demonstrate the early signs of organised behaviour

Question 5

Isabella & Belsky (1991)

Answer 5

Caregiver-baby pairs that developed secure attachment relationships would display more synchronous behaviour.

Question 6

Schaffer & Emerson (1964)

Answer 6

Conducted study on 60 infants 5-23 weeks old from working class homes at monthly intervals for the first 18 months of their life.

Question 7

First stage of Attatchment

Answer 7

1) asocial = 0-6 weeks, infant shows similar response to all obejcts, near end preferance is shown with people.

Question 8

Second stage of attatchment

Answer 8

2) indiscriminate = 6 weeks - 7 months, enjoy human comany, respond equally to caregivers

Question 9

Third stage of attachment

Answer 9

3) discriminate = 7-9 months, stranger anxiety starts, distressed when away from mother, specific attatchment formed

Question 10

Fourth stage of attachment

Answer 10

4) Multiple attatchment = 10 month+, babies form secondary attachments

Question 11

Bowlby (1988)

Answer 11

• most families with young children, the father’s role tends to be different
• father more likely to engage in novel play than the mother and tends to become the child’s preferred play companion