Career Principles - Python Part 1 Flashcards
What are variables in Python?
Variables are used to store data.
Python automatically detects the data type.
They are case sensitive so Name vs name is different.
What is the F string?
F strings are a way to embed expressions inside string literals, using curly braces {}.
add “f” at the beginning of string and insert the different variables into the string using the curly brackets “{}”
For example:
name = “Alice”
age = 30
print(f”My name is {name} and I am {age} years old.”)
What is the code?
Say hello and ask user for their name?
print(“hello”) + input(“what is your name?”)
this will return “hello name”
What is the code?
Say hello and ask user for their name and add a smiley?
(print(“hello”) + input(“what is your name?”) + “ :)”)
this will return “hello name :)”
note, you need to add a space before the smiley or there will be no space in the output
How do you handle apostrophe’s in the code?
ie Greg’s dog
you can write text with quotations then use the apostrophe as normal. for example,
“what’s your name?”
OR
you wrap text in an apostrophe and then put a forward slash in front of the apostrophe. for example,
‘what's your name?’
Answer the following for the data structures (Lists, Tuples, Sets, and Dictionaries)?
-What is the syntax? -Are they mutable? -Do they allow duplicates? -Are they ordered?
- Lists: the syntax is [ ], they are mutable, allow for duplicates, and ordered
- Tuples: the syntax is ( ), they are not mutable, allows for duplicates, and ordered
- Sets: the syntax is { }, they are mutable, do not allow for duplicates, and are not ordered
- Dictionaries: the syntax is { }, they are mutable, do not allow for duplicates, and are not ordered
what is a list?
A list in Python is a built-in data structure that allows you to store an ordered collection of items (elements), which can be of any data type, including other lists.
for example:
List_A = [“Mike”, 12.25, 99, [1,2,3]]
Note, the order is 0 for Mike, 1 for 12.25, 2 for 99, etc
What is the code if you want to return 12.25 in List_A = [“Mike”, 12.25, 99, [1,2,3]]
print(List_A [1] )
What if you want to return the list within
list_person = [“Mike”, “Smith”, 25.5, [“green”, “blue” , “orange”]]
print(list_person[3])
this will return [‘green’, ‘blue’ , ‘orange’]
What if you want to return a blue from the list within
list_person = [“Mike”, “Smith”, 25.5, [“green”, “blue” , “orange”]]
print(list_person[3][1])
How would you add “male” to the following list:
list_person = [“Mike”, “Smith”, 25.5, [“green”, “blue” , “orange”]]
list_person.append(‘male’)
How would you delete “male” to the following list:
list_person = [“Mike”, “Smith”, 25.5, [“green”, “blue” , “orange”], ‘male’]
list_person.pop(4)
or
list_person.remove(4)
How would you change “Mike” to “Michael” in the following list:
list_person = [“Mike”, “Smith”, 25.5, [“green”, “blue” , “orange”], ‘male’]
list_A[0] = “Michael”
How to combine the following lists:
list_1 = [1 , 2 , 3]
list_2 = [4, 5, 6]
print (list_1 + list_2)
What are Tuples?
the are similar to lists but are not mutable (changeable)
they use parenthesis ( ) instead of brackets [ ]
they are used for important data that you do not want to change
What are Sets?
a set is a collection of unique items
it will not keep duplicates (ie they get removed)
the order does not matter. in other words, you cannot return results based on an index number like (print(list_a)[1])
they are mutable so they can be changed
they use the curly brackets { }
How to add 3 to the following set:
set_1 = {‘test’, 1, 2, 1.5}
set_1.add(3)
you use the function .add instead of .app
How to remove 3 from the following set:
set_1 = {‘test’, 1, 2, 3, 1.5}
set_1.discard(3)
you use the function .remove instead of .popp
How do you combine the following sets:
test_1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
test_2 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
use the bar ( | )
print ( test_1 | test_2)
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
Note, the duplicates were removed
How do you see the union between the following sets:
test_1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
test_2 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
use the & function
print ( test_1 & test_2)
{3, 4, 5}
How do you see what isn’t overlapping between the following sets:
test_1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
test_2 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
use the carrot function
print(test_1 ^ test_2)
print {1, 2, 6, 7}
What are dictionaries?
similar to real life dictionaries, it has a key (word) and value (definition). the keys are linked to specific values
they are mutable (ie changeable)
they do not have order
you the curly brackets { }
Create a dictionary for the following:
Dictionary Name: Customer_1
Name: Michael
Item: Jeans
Spend: 50
Customer_1 = {“Name” : “Michael”, “Item” : “Jeans”, “Spend” : 50}
How do you return only customer_1 values?
Customer_1 = {“Name” : “Michael”, “Item” : “Jeans”, “Spend” : 50}
customer_1.values()
this will return: dict_values([‘Michael’, ‘Jean’, 50])
how to return the value of Item?
Customer_1 = {“Name” : “Michael”, “Item” : “Jeans”, “Spend” : 50}
Customer_1[“Item”]
This will return ‘Jeans’
What if you want to add Age : 25 to the dictionary:
Customer_1 = {“Name” : “Michael”, “Item” : “Jeans”, “Spend” : 50}
customer_1[“Age”] = 25
This will create: Customer_1 = {“Name” : “Michael”, “Item” : “Jeans”, “Spend” : 50, “Age” : 25}
How to delete Age : 25 to the following dictionary:
Customer_1 = {“Name” : “Michael”, “Item” : “Jeans”, “Spend” : 50, “Age” : 25}
del customer_1[“Age”]
this will return: Customer_1 = {“Name” : “Michael”, “Item” : “Jeans”, “Spend” : 50}
