Care of Special Populations Flashcards
Which teaching method is most effective when providing instruction to members of special populations?
a) Teach-back
b) Video instruction
c) Written materials
d) Verbal explanation
a) Teach- back
Return explanation and demonstration are of particular importance to ensure safety and mutual understanding, and the most reliable in confirming client understanding o the instructions.
Which health concern(s) should the nurse be aware of as risk factors when caring for clients of African American descent? Select all that apply.
a) cancer
b) obesity
c) hypertension
d) heart disease
e) hypothyroidism
f) diabetes mellitus
a) cancer
b) obesity
c) hypertension
d) heart disease
f) diabetes mellitus
The nurse is planning care for a client of Native Hawaiian descent who recently had a baby. The nurse develops a teaching plan and includes information about which measure that is related to a newborn complication within this ethnic group?
a) safe sleeping
b) car seat safety
c) breast-feeding
d) baby-proofing
a) safe sleeping
The Native Hawaiian population has a disproportionately higher rate of infant mortality compared with other ethnic groups. Safe sleeping is an important measure to prevent SIDS, a major cause of infant mortality.
The nurse is planning care for an assigned client. The nurse should include information in the plan of care about prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) for which individuals specifically at risk?
a) lesbian persons
b) men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM)
c) women-who-have-sex-with-women (WSW)
d) female-to-male (FTM) transgender persons
b) men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM)
Although anyone who is sexually active should be counseled on the prevention of STIs, MSM are at higher risk for HIV and AIDS
Which therapeutic communication technique is most helpful when working with transgender persons?
a) Using open-ended questions
b) Using their first name to address them
c) Using pronouns associated with birth sex
d) Anticipating the clients needs and making suggestions
a) Using open-ended questions
The use of open-ended questions is most useful because it assists in refraining from judgement and allows the client the opportunity to express their thoughts and feelings. Address the client by the name they prefer, which may not necessarily be their first name. It is likely they would prefer to be addressed using pronouns they identify with now. Anticipating the client’s needs and making suggestions may be seen as passing judgement, so the nurse should refrain from this.
Which special population should be targeted for breast cancer screening by way of mammography? Select all that apply.
a) male-to-female (MTF)
b) female-to-male (FTM)
c) men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM)
d) women-who-have-sex-with-men (WSM)
e) women-who-have-sex-with-women (WSW)
a) MTF
b) FTM
d) WSM
e) WSW
Transgender person who have undergone sexual reassignment should have the respective preventative screenings.
The nurse is volunteering with an outreach program to provide basic health care for homeless people. Which finding, if noted, should be addressed first?
a) BP 154/72 mm Hg
b) Visual acuity of 20/200 in both eyes
c) Random blood glucose level of 206 mg/dL (11.47 mmol/L)
d) Complaints of pain associated with numbness and tingling in both feet
d) Complaints of pain associated with numbness and tingling in both feet
The nurse should address the complaints of pain and numbness and tingling in both feet first with this population. If the client perceives value to the service provided, they will be more likely to return for follow-up care. The other findings are also concerning, but the client’s stated concern should be addressed first.
The nurse is preparing discharge resources for a client being discharged to the homeless shelter. When looking at the discharge medication reconciliation form, the nurse determines there is a need for follow-up if which medication is prescribed?
a) Glipizide
b) Lisinopril
c) Metformin
d) Beclomethasone
a) Glipizide
A major side effect of Glipizide is hypoglycemia, which presents a safety risk to the homeless.
The nurse completing the admission assessment for a client who is intellectually disabled. Which part of the client encounter may require more time to complete?
a) The history
b) The physical assessment
c) The nursing plan of care
d) The readmission risk assessment
a) The history
Intellectually disabled clients tend to be poor historians, and it may be necessary to take more time to ask questions in a variety of different ways when collecting the history data.
The nurse working in a correctional facility is caring for a new prisoner. The client asks about health risks associated with living in a prison. How should the nurse respond?
a) “Health care is very limited in the prison setting.”
b) “Living in a prison isn’t different than living at home.”
c) “Living in a prison can predispose a person to different health conditions.”
d) “Living in a prison is similar to living in a condominium complex or dormitory.”
c) “Living in a prison can predispose a person to different health conditions.”
The environment of a prison can predispose a person to different health conditions, such as tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency syndrome, sexually transmitted infections, or other infectious diseases. Option a does not address the patient’s question; options b and c are false.
The nurse is caring for a female client in the emergency department who presents with a complaint of fatigue and shortness of breath. Which physical assessment findings, if noted by the nurse, warrant a need for follow up?
a) Reddened sclera of the eyes
b) Dry flaking noted on the scalp
c) A reddish-purple mark on the neck
d) A scaly rash noted on the elbows and knees
c) A reddish-purple mark on the neck
The client in this question should be screened for abuse. Battered women experience bruises, particularly the eyes, red or purple marks on the neck, sprained or broken wrists, chronic fatigue, SOB, muscle tension, involuntary shaking, changes in eating & sleeping, sexual dysfunction, and fertility issues.
The nurse working in a community outreach program for foster children plans care knowing that which health conditions are common in this population? Select all that apply.
a) Asthma
b) Claustrophobia
c) Sleep problems
d) Bipolar disorder
e) Aggressive behavior
f) Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
c) Sleep problems
d) Bipolar disorder
e) Aggressive behavior
f) ADHD
Claustrophobia and asthma are not specifically associated with foster children
The nurse planning care for a military veteran should prioritize nursing interventions targeted at managing which condition, if present, that commonly occurs in this population?
a) Hypertension
b) Hyperlipidemia
c) Substance abuse disorder
d) Post-traumatic stress disorder
d) PTSD
PTSD is extremely common in this population. Identifying & treating mental health disorders assists in mitigating suicide risk. Treatment of comorbid conditions such as PTSD may also help address substance abuse.
The nurse caring for a refugee considers which health care need a priority for this client?
a) Access to housing
b) Access to clean water
c) Access to transportation
d) Access to mental health services
d) Access to mental health services
Mental health problems are the primary issue for this population as a result of torturous events. All other options are important for all clients, they do not address the specific needs of this population.
Which action by the nurse will best facilitate adherence to the treatment regimen for a client with a chronic illness?
a) Arranging for home health care
b) Focusing on managing a single illness at home
c) Communicating with one provider only to avoid confusion for the client
d) Allowing the client to teach a support person about their treatment regimen
a) Arranging for home health care
Nursing follow-up visits are important in promoting health for individuals with chronic illness; therefore arranging for home health care is an important strategy.
