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Cardiology > Cards Test 2 Medications > Flashcards

Cards Test 2 Medications Flashcards

1
Q

Drugs most effective for HTN in younger white patients

A

ACE-I, CCB, BB

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2
Q

Drugs most effective for HTN in older white patients

A

CCB, diuretics

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3
Q

Drugs most effective for HTN in younger black patients

A

CCB

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4
Q

Drugs that are ineffective for HTN in younger black patients

A

ACE-I, BB

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5
Q

Drugs most effective for HTN in older black patients

A

CCB, diuretics

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6
Q

Drugs most effective for isolated systolic HTN

A

CCB, diuretics

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7
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide (type of drug)

A

Thiazide diuretic

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8
Q

Metazolone (type of drug)

A

Thiazide diuretic

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9
Q

Indapamide (type of drug)

A

Thiazide diuretic

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10
Q

HTN drug that causes ototoxicity

A

Loop Diuretic

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11
Q

Furosemide (type of drug)

A

Loop diuretic

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12
Q

Bumetanide (type of drug)

A

Loop diuretic)

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13
Q

Torsemide (type of drug)

A

Loop diuretic

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14
Q

Triameterene (type of drug)

A

Na+/K+ antagonist K+ sparing diuretic

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15
Q

Most common alpha2-agonist AE

A

dry mouth

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16
Q

HTN drug safe in pregnancy

A

Methyldopa

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17
Q

HTN drug that can also alleviate symptoms of BPH

A

Alpha-blockers

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18
Q

Clonidine (type of drug)

A

alpha2-agonist for HTN

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19
Q

The “-sin” drugs (type of drug)

A

Alpha-blockers for HTN

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20
Q

Difference between DHP and non-DHP calcium channel blockers

A

Non-DHPs focus have greatest effect in heart (reduce contractility and AV conduction).
DHPs are potent vasodilators and have little effect on heart

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21
Q

Verapamil (type of drug)

A

Non-DHP CCB

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22
Q

Diltiazem (type of drug)

A

Non-DHP CCB

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23
Q

Nifedipine (type of drug)

A

DHP CCB

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24
Q

Hydralazine (type of drug)

A

Direct vasodilator

25
Q

Minoxidil (type of drug)

A

direct vasodilator

26
Q

Sodium Nitroprusside (type of drug)

A

Potent arteriolar and venous dilator

27
Q

DOC for hypertensive emergency

A

Sodium nitroprusside

28
Q

“Renal protective” HTN drug

A

ACE-I and ARBs

29
Q

Drug type to use when patient can’t be on ACE-I

A

ARB

30
Q

Initial agent for diabetic HTN

A

ACE-I

31
Q

Initial agent for CAD or recent MI hypertension

A

BB

32
Q

Initial agent for HTN patient with overactive thyroid

A

BB

33
Q

Initial agent for HTN patient with tachyarrhythmia

A

BB

34
Q

initial agent for HTN in HF patient

A

ACE-I

35
Q

initial agent for HTN in chronic renal failure patient

A

ACE-I or CCB

36
Q

Drug that raises standing blood pressure levels

A

Midodrine

37
Q

Statins’ effect on lipid profile

A
  • reduces LDL 20-55%
  • reduces TG 7-30%
  • raises HDL 5-15%
38
Q

Statins’ AE

A
  • myopathy

- increased liver enzymes (hepatic toxicity)

39
Q

Absolute contraindications for statins

A

-liver disease

40
Q

Statins’ effect on atherosclerotic plaque

A

Causes plaque regression, but also increases the hard fibrous cap (increasing stability)

41
Q

Fibrates MOA

A

Increase FA oxidation in the muscle and liver

42
Q

Drug most effective at reducing VLDL

A

Fibrates

43
Q

Fibrates’ effect on lipid profile

A
  • reduces VLDL
  • reduces TG 20-50%
  • reduces LDL 5-15%
  • raises HDL 10-20%
44
Q

Drugs most effective at lowering LDL

A

Statins

45
Q

Drug most effective at raising HDL

A

Nicotinic acid (niacin)

46
Q

Only safe hyperlipidemic drugs for pregnancy

A

Bile acid sequestrants

47
Q

Cholestyramine (type of drug)

A

bile acid sequestrant

48
Q

Colestipol (type of drug)

A

bile acid sequestrant

49
Q

Ezetimibe MOA

A

cholesterol absorption inhibitor

50
Q

Effect of Ezetimibe + Statins

A

Decreases LDL by 60%

51
Q

Drugs best at decreasing TG

A

Fibrates and Niacin

52
Q

Drugs used to illustrate the “steal” phenomenon in pharmacologic/nuclear medicine stress testing

A

IV Dipyridamole or Adenosine

53
Q

Drug that increases HR and contractile force for pharmacologic stress testing

A

Dobutamine

54
Q

Pre-hospital management of STEMI

A
  • ASA
  • Continuous cardiac monitoring
  • oxygen
  • sublingual NTG
55
Q

Emergency department management of STEMI

A
  • ASA (if not already given)
  • cardiac monitoring
  • MONA (morphine, oxygen, NTG, ASA)
  • Beta blockers
  • Heparin
56
Q

Time deadline for reperfusion therapy

A

< 12 hrs from onset of symptoms

57
Q

Time deadline for fibrinolytic therapy

A

< 30 minutes from hospital arrival

58
Q

Drugs to give for aortic dissection?

A

IV NTG
sodium nitroprusside
BBs (reduces LV contractile force)
vasodilators (lowers SBP)

Cardiology (8 decks)

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