CARDS B1 ( mitochondria, cell wal, ribosome...)

Question 1

Mitochondria

Answer 1

they are complex organelles
performs cellular respiration (cell energy)
produce of the most energy of the cells, through the process called cellular respiration

Question 2

Centriole

Answer 2

perform out cell division participates in the formation of cilia and fragellos. Has structures proteins how, aquitin, keratin,

Question 3

Nucle/core

Answer 3

Storage of genetic information

DNA duplication

Synthesis and processing of messenger, transporter, and ribosomal RNA

Question 4

Ribosome

Answer 4

performs protein synthesis in all cell types

Question 5

Granular endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 5

stores proteins that cells use, common in cell types that are involved in intense protein synthesis, such as pancreatic cells and plasma cells. have ribosome

Question 6

Non-graulous endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 6

doesnt have ribosome, participe in muscle contraction and synthesis of some phospholipid hormones. These organelles are found in striated muscle cells and act by accumulating and releasing calcium ions to ensure the contraction process

Question 7

Lysosome

Answer 7

acts in intracellular digestion, ensuring the degradation of materials captured by the cell, as well as the recycling of some cellular components (autophagy).

Question 8

Peroxisome

Answer 8

helps detoxify molecules in the bloodstream and breaks down fatty acids.

Question 9

Golgi complex

Answer 9

modifys proteins and lipids from the endoplasmic reticulum. transports and addresses substances

Question 10

Cytoplasm

Answer 10

It is composed of hyaloplasm and the differentiated cytoplasm that encompasses organelles and inclusions. in the hyaloplasm is where important reactions take place, such as the binding between transfer RNAs and amino acids

Question 11

1-Prokaryotic cell
2-where is prokariotic cell found?

Answer 11

1-They lack a nucleus and their genetic material is dispersed in the cytoplasm
2- its found in bacteria and arkea

Question 12

Prokariotic cell, where is found?

Answer 12

doesnt have nucleus, its found in animals plants, algae…

Question 13

Cell membrane

Answer 13

its a structure that delimits the citoplasme, separating the intracellular environment from the extracellular environment. It also does the Recognition of foreign substances

Question 14

Cell membrane composition

Answer 14

it has a lipoprotein composition. the main lipids present are the phospholipds, whose head is hydrophilic ( has an affinity for water) because it is formed by glycerol, phosphate and apolar nitrogenous molecule, linked to a hydrophobic non-polar tail (with water repulsion) formad by fatty acids

Question 15

Plasma membrane specialties

Answer 15

Microvilli: these are folds in the plasma membrane on the surface of intestinal, that increase the absorption of nutrients.
Desmosomes: they are protein plaques attached to protein the ads that stick on cell to another, make adhesion, very present in epithelial tissue.
Interdigitations: very common in muscle cells, they serve to unite one cell to another and exchange substances.

Question 16

Cell wall

Answer 16

It is a structure of plant cells that differentiates them from animal cells. Its main function is to prevent the plasma membrane of cells from rupturing.

Question 17

Cell wall of bacteria

Answer 17

the cell wall of bacteria has a glycon peptide formad by carbohydrates and amino acids

Question 18

Cell wall of archea

Answer 18

Many of them do not have a cell wall, but when has is formad by polysacharides in their cell wall

Question 19

Cell wall of fungi

Answer 19

have chitin in their cell wall

Question 20

Cell wall of algae and plants

Answer 20

have cellulose in their cell wall

Question 21

Glycocalyx

Answer 21

animals don´t have a cell wall, so they have glycocalyx, which is a layer(camada) of carbohydrotes linked to protein and lipds, which provide physical and chemical protection for the plasmic membrane

Question 22

Chromatin

Answer 22

Double strand of DNA, responsible for storing genetic information.

Question 23

resume plasma membrane

Answer 23

The plasma membrane surrounds all cells.
The fluid mosaic model is currently used to explain the structure of the plasma membrane.
According to the fluid mosaic model, the plasma membrane is formed by a lipid bilayer in which proteins are inserted. The arrangement of the components gives it a mosaic aspect, and, as they constantly change position, it is said to be fluid.
The main function of the membrane is to ensure what enters and leaves the cell.
Substances can enter and leave the cell across the membrane through passive or active transport.
The processes of endocytosis and exocytosis ensure, respectively, the entry and exit of macromolecules and other particles.