Cards Flashcards
Ottawa ankle rules
Posterior edge lateral malleolus 6cm
Posterior edge or tip of medial
Base of 5th met / styloid process
Navicular
Inability to bear weight after injury and 4 steps in ER/eval
Radiograph (what’s it used for)
Bone, soft tissues, can be used with contrasts to show fluid
Fluoroscopic x-ray
Used to guide surgical procedures
CT scan: myelogrpahy vs arthrography
Neuro structures vs abnormalities in joints
CT scan: used for?
Bone alignment, degenerative changes, complex or subtle fx, stenotic changes, loose bodies, imagining of soft tissue and bone in one
MRI: used for?
Bone (avascular necrosis, tumors, occult fx, bone marrow changes)
Intervertebral disc pathology, neoplasms, infection and trauma, soft tissue injury (ACL, rotator cuff tears)
CT vs MRI
CT is cheaper, better for cortical bone, can do with metal implants
MRI better for soft tissue (ligaments, cartilage, tendons)
Radiograph views: pelvis
AP, oblique, inlet/outlet
Radiograph views: hip
AP, frog leg, axial lateral
radiograph views: knee
AP, lateral, PA “tunnel”, tangential view
Radiograph views: ankle/foot
AP, lateral, AP oblique - mortise
Best view of wrist and hand for scaphoid fx
Oblique
Pelvic floor - Somatic nerve/ Pudendal nerve: innervation levels, action
Pudendal nerve S2-4
Sensory and voluntary motor to PFM
Pelvic floor - Sympathetic nerve/ Hypogastric nerve: innervation levels, action
T12-L2
Bladder relaxation, sphincter contraction
Pelvic floor - Parasympathetic/ Pelvic nerves: innervation levels, action
S2-4
Inhibit sympathetic causing bladder contraction, sphincter relaxation
