Cards #101 - 150

Question 1

Cryptographic keys

Answer 1

used in encrypting and decrypting information, there are private keys and public keys

Question 2

Cryptography

Answer 2

science of writing on a secret code and is an ancient art

Question 3

Cyber bullying

Answer 3

any online behavior that embarrasses or hurts feelings

Question 4

DAC (Discretionary Access Control)

Answer 4

a person has complete control over the object that it owns and the programs that it executes

Question 5

Data driven attack

Answer 5

a form of attack that is encoded in seemingly innocuous data which is executed by a user or a process to implement an attack

Question 6

Data integrity

Answer 6

when automated data is the same as in the source documents (has not been exposed to alternation or destruction)

Question 7

Digital signature

Answer 7

a way to verify that an email message is really from the person who supposedly sent it and that it hasn’t been changed (has a public key and a private key)

Question 8

Deceiving

Answer 8

giving a false impression, lying

Question 9

Defense against IP spoofing

Answer 9

monitoring network for atypical activity

Question 10

Spoofing

Answer 10

type of cyber attack that is used by hackers to gain access to computers and mine them for sensitive data

Question 11

Demilitarized some (DMZ)

Answer 11

hosts of DMZ are typically web servers, email servers, and the alike, and are accessible for both internal and external users (allow user on the Internet to access the servers without accessing the organization’s internal network)

Question 12

Denial of Service (DoS)

Answer 12

prevents legitimate users from using a service

Question 13

DES-CBC

Answer 13

default cipher for the IPSec

Question 14

Dial-Up

Answer 14

service whereby a computer terminal can use the telephone to initiate and effect communication with a computer

Question 15

Dictionary attack

Answer 15

attack that uses brute-force technique of successively trying all the words in some large, exhaustive list

Question 16

Differential backup

Answer 16

backups any files that have been altered since the last full backup

Question 17

Direct action virus

Answer 17

a virus that takes instant action in your device usually spread by executable files

Question 18

Directory Harvest Attack

Answer 18

an attempt to determine the valid e-mail addresses associated with an e-mail server so that they can be added to a spam database

Question 19

Disasters can be categorized into tow broad categories :

Answer 19

Man-made and Electronic

Question 20

Discretionary Access Control (DAC)

Answer 20

a means of restricting access to objects based on the identity of subjects and/or groups to which they belong

Question 21

Floppy Disks

Answer 21

highly vulnerable to damage by magnetic fields and the environment. unsuitable for storing and archiving data compared to today’s alternative removable media

Question 22

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS)

Answer 22

when an attacker attacks from multiple source systems. Distributes trojan horses to PCs, zombies or slaves, an uses them to launch the attack

Question 23

Distributed Tool

Answer 23

tool that can be distributed to multiple hosts, which can then be coordinated to anonymously perform an attack on the target host simultaneously after some time delay

Question 24

Domain Name System (DNS) spoofing

Answer 24

assuming the DNS name of another system by either corrupting the name service cache of a victim system, or by compromising a domain name server for a valid domain

Question 25

DSL

Answer 25

Digital Subscriber Line Internet connectivity. provides the user with dedicated bandwidth

Question 26

Dumpster diving

Answer 26

going through trash bins to search for papers with employee and department names, administration codes, specifics about the companies network environment, and other useful information

Question 27

Dynamic NAT

Answer 27

the router maintains a list of internal addresses and a list of external addresses that are dynamically mapped to each otehr

Question 28

Email attachment

Answer 28

files sent with emails that may contain malware (may allow malicious code to enter a desktop)

Question 29

Email bombs

Answer 29

large quantity of bulk email that overwhelms an email server preventing user access

Question 30

Egress filters

Answer 30

ensures that packets with source address of the internal network cannot originate form a remote location

Question 31

Encryption

Answer 31

a process of encoding messages to keep them secret, so only “authorized” parties (with secret key or password) can read it

Question 32

EULA

Answer 32

End User License Agreement.

contract between you and the software’s vendor or developer.

Question 33

Exception policy

Answer 33

provides the ability to exclude applications and processes from detection by the virus and spyware scans and by SONAR

Question 34

Extranet

Answer 34

Similar to Intranet, but is accessible by two or more parties. When two companies/partners need to communicate and collaborate a lot, they connect their networks together. (like a sharepoint(?))

Question 35

Fails over

Answer 35

refers to the process of reconstructing a system or switching over to other systems when a failure is detected

Question 36

False Accept Rate

Answer 36

measures the likelihood that a user will claim a false identity and be accepted

Question 37

False Acceptance

Answer 37

where an unauthorized user is identified as an authorized user

Question 38

False Reject Rate

Answer 38

Measures the likelihood that a system will incorrectly deny the user

Question 39

Faraday Cage

Answer 39

can be used to prevent interferences and emissions

Question 40

Fast flux

Answer 40

DNS technique used by botnets to hide phasing and malware delivery sites behind an ever-changing network of comprised hosts acting as proxies

Question 41

FAT virus

Answer 41

ruin your file allocation system (can also destroy files and entire directories for them)

Question 42

Fault tolerance

Answer 42

primarily the ability of a system to sustain operations in the event of a component failure

Question 43

FDE

Answer 43

Full Disk Encryption.
Automatically converts data on a hard drive into a form that cannot be understood by anyone who does not have the decryption key

Question 44

Fiber Optics

Answer 44

allows for the longest distances and highest transmission speeds, and is the most secure type of network cabling

Question 45

File infector virus

Answer 45

a virus that attaches itself to executable files. when the infected executable files runs, the virus copies itself to memory. later the virus attaches itself to other executable files

Question 46

Firewall

Answer 46

part of a computer system that is designed to block unauthorized access

Question 47

Firewall analyzer

Answer 47

helps network security administrators and IT managers for bandwidth monitoring and Firewall Internet security events monitoring efficiently

Question 48

Firewall policy

Answer 48

an addition to security policy that describes how firewalls should handle application traffic (such as Web or email applications)

Question 49

Flooding

Answer 49

type of incident involving insertion of a large volume of data resulting in denial of service

Question 50

FTP

Answer 50

file transfer protocol.

used to upload or download files