Carditis Flashcards
What is Pericarditis?
inflammation of the pericardium
MCC of Pericarditis?
Coxsackie Virus
Substernal CP that rad to scapula
worse when supine or inhaling
better when sitting up
Pericarditis
WU for pericarditis
Initial -> EKG
Best test -> Echo
Trmnt for pericarditis?
NSAIDs - Aspirin MC
Pericarditis weeks after an MI is called _____
Dressler’s Syndrome
Cardiac tamponade and pericarditis can lead to what viscous cycle?
Cardiac tamponade -> Uremia (high nitrogenous wastes due to kidneys not working) -> pericarditis -> cardiac tamponade
will BUN be high or low in pericarditis?
High - Uremia (high nitrogenous wastes in blood bc kidneys arent working as well)
Beck’s Triad ss
Muffled heart sounds, JVD, HypoTN
Signs of Cardiac Tamponade
Becks Triad - Muffles heart sounds, JVD, HypoTN
CXR: Water bottle sign
EKG: electrical alterans (QRS alternates b/w tall and short due to heart bobbing so much in fluid of pericardial sack)
What is pulsus paradoxus and Kussmaul Sign?
Pulsus paradoxus - BP drops when inhaling
Kussmaul sign - JVP incr or fails to fall during inspiration
Both seen with pericarditis bc the heart is constricted by the rigid and vol overloaded pericardium. acts like a cage around the heart
Which carditis presents with flu like symptoms?
Myocarditis
WU for myocarditis?
Angiography + Bx
MCC of myocarditis?
HF after a virus
Trmtn for autoimmune or pediatric pt with myocarditis?
Trial steroids
Heart transplant
Risks for Endocarditis
> 60 yo, Valvular Dz
Endocarditis WU
Blood cultures
Echo
Duke criteria
Duke Criteria for endocarditis
2 major, 1 major + 3 minor, or 5 minor
Major = 2 separate + blood cultures, Echo, New regurg murmur
Minor = Fever, roth spots, splinter hemorrhages, janeway lesions, osler nodes, IVDA, congital heart dz, emboli, + echo not meeting major criteria, 1 + blood culture
MC affected regurgitant valve with Endocarditis
Mitral
Unless IVDA -> Tricuspid
