cardiovascular system functions Flashcards
what kind of blood is on the right side of the heart
deoxygenated
what kind of blood is on the left side of the heart?
oxygenated
deoxygenated blood enters through the superior and inferior vena cava and empties into the…….
right atrium
the right atrium then contracts and force blood through the _______ valve and into the _______
tricuspid, right ventricle
the right ventricle contracts and pumps blood through the ____ to the _____
pulmonary (semi lunar) valve, pulmonary artery
the blood then enters the _____ to pick up ____
lungs, oxygen
_____ blood enters through the _____ into the ____
oxygenated, pulmonary veins, left atrium
the left atrium contracts and forces blood from the left atrium through the _____ into the ____
mitral (bicuspid) valve, left ventricle
the left ventricle pumps the blood through the _____ into the ____, which branches off to carry _____ blood to the rest of the body
aortic valve, aorta, oxygenated
shiny outer layer of the heart, outside lining
pericardium
muscular layer of the heart
myocardium
inside lining of the heart
endocardium
carry unoxygenated blood to the heart
veins
carry oxygenated blood away from the heart
arteries
exception to the vein rule, carries oxygenated blood to the heart
pulmonary vein
exception to the artery rule, carries unoxygenated blood away from the heart
pulmonary artery
principle functions of the cardiovascular system?
-transports oxygen and nutrients to cells throughout the body
-removes carbon dioxide and wastes from the body
-helps regulate body temperature
-maintains the acid base of the body
blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body cells?
arteries and arterioles
blood vessels that return blood back to the heart?
veins and venules
microscopic vessels that usually connect arterioles and venules and permit the exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells
capillaries
the complex red-viscous fluid which flows through the blood vessels, is the transporting and regulating agent for the cardiovascular system. It constitutes about 8%, of the body’s total weight with an average adult volume of 5 liters (5-6 quarts)
blood
a cycle where the left and right sides of the heart work together
heartbeat
the brief resting phase of the heartbeat, when the muscle relaxes and fills with blood
diastole
the period of contraction of the heart ventricles when blood is pumped from the heart to the body
systole
when a person has too few red blood cells or the cells are not carrying enough oxygen
anemia
the ballooning of the wall of a blood vessel. caused by high blood pressure, disease, injuries and congenital factors
aneurysm
abnormal heart rhythm
arrhythmia
the use of electrical shock to restore the hearts normal rhythm
defibrillation
hardening or thickening of the arterial walls resulting in a loss of elasticity or contractility
arteriosclerosis
narrowing of the walls of the arteries due to fatty plaques that keep blood from flowing
atherosclerosis
air, blood clots, fat or bacteria that circulate in the bloodstream
embolus
high blood pressure, higher than 140/90
hypertension
cancer in the bone marrow or lymph tissue
leukemia
heart attack, blockage in the coronary arteries
myocardial infarction
dilated veins that have lost elasticity
varicose veins
how arteries and veins are named
-proximity to specific bones
-from the body regions through which they pass
-from the organs they supply
-individually named, not related to specific bone, organ or body region
