Cardiovascular system Flashcards
the precordium is
a. a synonym for the mediastinum
b. the area on the chest where the apical impulse is felt
c. the area on the anterior chest overlying the heart and great vessels
d. a synonym for the area where the superior and inferior vena cava return unoxygenated venous blood to the right side of the heart
C
select the best description of the tricuspid valve
a. left semilunar valve
b. right atrioventricular valve
c. left atrioventricular valve
d. right semilunar valve
B
the function of the pulmonic valve is to
a. divide the left atrium and left ventricle
b. guard the opening between the right atrium and right ventricle
c. protect the orifice between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery
d. guard the entrance to the aorta from the left ventricle
C
atrial systole occurs
a. during ventricular systole
b. during ventricular diastole
c. concurrently with ventricular systole
d. independently of ventricular function
B
the second heart sound is the result of
a. opening of the mitral and tricuspid valves
b. closing of the mitral and tricuspid valves
c. opening of the aortic and pulmonic valves
d. closing of the aortic and pulmonic valves
D
the examiner has estimated the jugular venous pressure. identify the finding that is abnormal
a. patient elevated to 30 degrees, internal jugular vein pulsation at 1 cm above sternal angle
b. patient elevated to 30 degrees, internal jugular vein pulsation at 2 cm above sternal angle
c. patient elevated to 40 degrees, internal jugular vein pulsation at 1 cm above sternal angle
d. patient elevated to 45 degrees, internal jugular vein pulsation at 4 cm above sternal angle
D
the examiner is palpating the apical impulse. which is a normal sized impulse
a. less than 1 cm
b. approximately 1x2 cm
c. 3 cm
d. varies depending on the size of the person
B
the nurse auscultates the pulmonic valve area in which region
a. second right interspace
b. second left interspace
c. left lower sternal border
d. fifth interspace, left midclavicular line
B
which description would differentiate a split s2 from s3
a. s3 is lower pitched and is heard at the apex
b. s2 is heard at the left lower sternal border
c. the timing of s2 varies with respirations
d. s3 is heard at the base, the timing varies with respirations
A
you auscultate a patient to rule out a pericardial friction rub. which assessment technique is most appropriate
a. listen with the diaphragm, patient sitting up and leaning forward breath held in expiration
b. listen using the bell with the patient leaning forward
c. listen at the base during normal respiration
d. listen with the diaphragm, patient turned to the left side.
A
when auscultating the heart, your first step is to
a. identify s1 and s2
b. listen for s3 and s4
c. listen for murmurs
d. identify all four sounds on the first round
A
you will hear a split s2 most clearly in which area
a. apical
b. pulmonic
c. tricuspid
d. aortic
B
the stethoscope bell should be pressed lightly against the skin so that
a. chest hair doesn’t simulate crackles
b. high-pitched sounds can be heard better
c. the bell does not act as a diaphragm
d. the bell does not interfere with amplification of heart sounds
C
a murmur is heard after s1 and before s2, this murmur would be classified as
a. diastolic (possibly benign)
b. diastolic (always pathologic)
c. systolic (possibly benign)
d. systolic (always pathologic)
C
when assessing the carotid artery, the nurse should palpate
a. bilaterally at the same time while standing behind the patient
b. medial to the sternomastoid, one side at a time
c. for a bruit while asking the patient to hold his or her breath briefly
d. for unilateral distention while turning the patient’s head to one side
B
