Cardiovascular System

Question 1

Function of blood

I have 5 listed here

Answer 1

1. Transport - of nutrients, gases, waste, hormones
2. Regulation of extracellular environment
3. Maintain homeostasis
4. Repair injuries
5. Contains antigens, etc - help protect the body from foreign bodies or pathogens

Question 2

Contents of Blood

Answer 2

1. WBC’s (leukocytes)
2. RBC’s (erythrocytes)
3. Antibodies (immunoglobulins)
4. Clotting factors (ex: fibrinogen)
5. Transport proteins (ex: albumin)
6. Platelets

Question 3

Blood is an example of which type of tissue?

Answer 3

Connective tissue due to the fact that it has a matrix

Question 4

Erythrocytes

-what is it
-when immature, their composition differs from that of their mature composition
—what is this difference?

e.g., what is lacking when a RBC is mature?

Answer 4

An erythrocyte is an RBC. It is simply a sack of hemoglobin and Iron.

When immature, RBC’s contain a nucleus and organelles.

Mature RBC’s have no organelles.

Question 5

Leukocytes

• what are they comprised of?
• what different types are there?

Answer 5

Leukocytes are white blood cells.
They are normal cells that contain all normal organelles.

Types:
Basophils, monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils and lymphocytes.

Question 6

What types of WBC’s fall into the GRANULOCYTE category?

Answer 6

Granulocytes:

Basophils
Eosinophils
Neutrophils

(BEN - ben the boy has a good immune system)

*they have a really short lifespan, only living for hours to days.

Question 7

What types of WBC’s fall into the AGRANULOCYTE category?

Answer 7

Agranulocytes:

Monocytes and leukocytes

*They have a really long lifespan, can live months to years

Question 8

What are platelets?

Answer 8

-Tiny, membrane-drops of cytoplasm.

• Sticky when exposed to injured epithelium. When they encounter injured epithelium, they release chemicals that activate other platelets and clotting factors.
• Non-sticky when exposed to healthy epithelium

-derived from megakaryocytes of the bone marrow

Question 9

Describe the process of hematopoesis

Answer 9

All blood cells develop from stem cells in the bone marrow

Question 10

In blood typing, what do the letters of the blood type stand for?

Answer 10

They stand for the type of antigens that are present on that individual’s cell membrane

A - A antigens only
B - B antigens only
AB - both A and B antigens
O - neither A or B antigens