Cardiovascular System

Question 0

What three factors is diffusion affected by?

Answer 0

Area available for exchange (capillary density, SA)
Diffusion resistance (mostly low)
Concentration gradient

Question 1

What are the two circulations?

Answer 1

Pulmonary and Systemic

Question 2

How is blood flow related to capillary concentration?

Answer 2

Lower blood flow, lower capillary concentration
Rate of blood flow must be sufficient to maintain conc gradient
If too low, the gradient will dissipate

Question 3

Blood flow aka…

Answer 3

Perfusion rate

Question 4

Normal cardiac output for a male..
At rest
During exercise

Answer 4

5L per min at rest

25L per min during exercise

Question 5

What organs need a constant high blood flow?

Answer 5

Brain
Heart
Kidney

Question 6

What is blood flow like to the skin, gut and liver?

Answer 6

Fairly low when inactive
Liver and gut more active after a meal so short term increase
Skin increases in thermoregulation

Question 7

What controls flow in the CVS?

Answer 7

Arterioles

Pre-capillary sphincters

Question 8

How does the CVS have capacitance?

Answer 8

Store of blood in the venous side of the circulation

Question 9

Why does blood flow need to be regulated?

Answer 9

If unregulated only easy to reach areas would be perfused, little to the brain due to gravity
Reduce ease to some areas, increase to others
Resistance from arterioles and ore capillary sphincters

Question 10

What is capacitance?

Answer 10

Store of blood to be called upon to cope with temporary imbalances between blood returning to heart and being pumped out
Veins have thin walls which can easily distend or collapse allowing them to be a variable reservoir for blood