Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Diseases
Describe “myocardial infarction (MI)”
When the heart muscle does not receive an adequate amount of oxygen due to the blood vessels being blocked.
What are some symptoms of MI?
- sudden, severe pain, pressure, or squeezing in the chest (usually on the left side)
- pain/discomfort in other areas of body (ex. upper extremities, back, cervical region, mandible, or abdomen)
- heartburn
- SOB
- cyanotic color of skin or mucous membranes indicating lack of oxygen
Another term for “myocardial infarction (MI)”
heart attack
Describe “syncope”
Syncope occurs when blood flow to the brain decreases causing a loss of consciousness.
Another term for “syncope”
fainting
Describe “cerebrovascular accident (CVA)”
Occurs when blood supply to the brain is blocked or a blood vessel leaks/ruptures within the brain.
Another term for “cerebrovascular accident (CVA)”
- stroke
- brain attack
Describe “transient ischemic attack (TIA)”
A result of a temporary lack of blood supply to the brain; warning sign of CVA
What are some signs of CVA and/or TIA?
- hemiplegia (paralysis on one side of body)
- hemiparesis (numbness/weakness on one side of body)
- expressive aphasia (slurred speech/inability to speak)
- receptive aphasia (inability to understand spoken/written words)
Describe “shock”
Occurs when organs & tissues in the body do not receive an adequate blood supply
Wat are some signs of shock?
- cyanotic skin
- staring
- increased pulse & respiration rates
- extreme thirst
low BP
Describe “hypertension”
What is the major cause of hypertension?
Explain “diuretics”
Explain “coronary artery disease (CAD)”
Explain “angina”
Explain “congestive heart failure (CHF)”
Explain “peripheral vascular disease (PVD)”
