cardiovascular system Flashcards
What is the cardiovascular system and what does it do
The heart and blood vessels together make up the circulatory system.
moves oxygen, nutrients and hormones to your body’s cells to use for energy, growth and repair. Your circulatory system also removes carbon dioxide and other waste products that your cells do not need.
Pulmonary circuit
The blood pathway between
the right side of the heart, to the
lungs, and back to the left side
of the heart
Systemic circuit
The pathway between the left
side of the heart to the body
tissue and back to the right side
of the heart.
What is the capillaries and what happens with them
Capillaries link arteries with veins
exchange of materials between the blood and body cells happens at the capillaries
What is in the blood
digested food
red blood cells
white blood cells
waste (urea)
platelets
hormones
plasma
co2
o2
Dinosaurs roamed while white people hoped pineapple carbon dioxide and oxygen
Veins
Veins carry blood towards the heart
Veins have valves which stop the blood from going in the wrong direction
contraction of body muscles and movement helps circulation along
veins
Veins have thinner elastic and muscle layers
Arteries
Arteries carry blood away from the heart
Thick muscle and elastic fibres allow the artery to stretch and contract to regulate blood pressure
Red Blood Cells
Have a biconcave disc-like structure
do not have a nucleus
contain hemoglobin (a molecule specifically designed to carry oxygen)
are flexible and can change shape to squeeze into capillaries
White Blood Cells
Are cells of the immune system
* include different types such as lymphocytes and macrophages
* all white blood cells have a nucleus
Platelets
Platelets are fragments of other cells, made in the bone marrow
don’t have a nucleus
Platelets produce fibrinogen fibres to form a net
the net traps other blood cells to form a blood clot
