Cardiovascular System Flashcards
What factors must work in harmony in the CVS?
heart closed circuit of blood vessels unidirectional blood flow adequate blood pressure a flow of blood to the tissue
“FAUCH”
What is venous blood?
deoxygenated blood that arrives from body parts at the right side of the heart
Where does the gas exchange take place?
alveoli
What is arterial blood?
oxygenated blood that arrives at the left side of the heart
What is the name of the large blood vessel that arterial blood is pumped into?
aorta
Apical pulse
pulse that can be heard with a stethoscope at the apex of the heart
Where is the apex of the heart?
Bottom left of the heart
Cardiac Output
volume of blood pumped by the heart
Coronary arteries
arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle
What is the main function of cardiac function?
provides efficient blood flow to all tissues of the body
Why is coronary circulation important?
ensures a fresh supply of oxygen goes to the heart muscle and so the coronary arteries receive blood with each beat
What is included in the conduction system?
specific nervous tissue locate at strategic points within the heart muscle.
sinoatrial (SA) node is primary pacemaker site.
What is blood pressure (BP)?
force that propels arterial blood through the circulatory system.
What conditions require cardiovascular drugs?
congestive heart failure (chf) arrhythmia angina coronary artery disease hypertension
What is congestive heart failure?
when the heart doesn’t pump well and will result in heart disease or damage.
What is atrial fibrillation (atrial fib or a fib)?
irregular heart rhythm which is erratic and rapid
Angina
chest pain and difficulty breathing
What causes angina?
ischema of the heart muscle
Myocardial infarction (MI)
heart attack
Coronary artery disease (CAD)
plaque build up in the arteries cause them to narrow
Hypertension
high blood pressure
ACE inhibitors
expands blood vessels and decreases resistance
Beta- Blockers
decrease the heart rate and cardiac output, which lowers BP
Calcium channel blockers (cab’s)
relax blood vessels and reduce pressure
Digitalis glycosides (from foxglove plant)
helps correct abnormal cardiac rhythm
Diurectics
remove excess fluid and sodium from the body through increased urination
Vasodilators
relaxes the muscles in blood vessels
Cholesterol-lowering drugs
reduce or prevent build-up of plaque in blood vessels
