Cardiovascular System Flashcards
What is the function of the pulmonary circuit?
Carries blood to lungs fo gas exchange
What is the function of the systemic circuit?
Supplies blood to organs and tissues of body
Where is the heart located?
In between the lungs in a space called the mediastinum
What shape is the heart?
Broad superior portion (base)
The inferior end tilts to the left and tapers to point (Apex)
What does the right atrium do?
Receives deoxygenated blood from the body
What does the right ventricle do?
Receives blood from the right atrium and send it to the lungs
What does the left atrium do?
Receives oxgenated blood from the lungs
What does the left ventricle do>
Receives blood from the left atrium and sends it to all the tissues of the body
Name all the blood vessels in the heart (external anatomy)
Superior vena cava
Ascending aorta
Interior vena cava
Pulmonary trunk
Name all the heart chambers (external anatomy)
Right auricle right atrium right ventricle left auricle left ventricle
Name the borders of the heart (external anatomy)
Right border of the heart
Left border of heart
Apex of heart
Posterioinferior view, name all the blood vessels
Arch of aorta Right pulmoonary artery Superior vena cava right pulmonary vein inferior vena cava left pulmonary veins left pulmonary artery
Posterioinferior view, name all the heart chambers
Left atrium
left ventricle
right atrium
What do the cardiac veins do?
Provide the venous drainage of the heart
Name all the cardiac veins
Anterior cardian vein
Great cardiac vein
Small cardiac vein
Coronary sinus
Middle cardiac vein
Name all the heart chambers
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Left atrium
left ventricle
Name all the Blood vessels
Aorta Right pulmonary artery Pulmonary trunk right pulmonary veins inferior vena cava left pulmonary artery left pulmonary vein
Name the internal structures of the heart
Fossa ovalis Tricuspid valve Chordae tendineae Trabeculae carneae Moderator band Mitral (biscupid) valve Aorta valve Pulmonary valve Papillary muscle Interventricular septum
Name all the heart valves
Aortic valve
Biscupid valve
Tricuspid valve
Pulmonary valve
Describe the pressure of the semilunar valves and their features
Low pressure: valves closed
Backflow of blood closes valves and filles coronary artery
Describe the pressure of the cuspid valves
High pressure: valves closed
What happens during a lub
Closure of the cuspid valve
What happens during a dub
Closure of a semilunar valve
How do you listen to the valves?
Aortic valve, tricuspid valve, mitral valve and pulmonary valve
What is the R. 2nd intercostal valve?
Aortic
What is the R. 5th intercostal valve?
Tricuspid
What L. 2nd intercostal valve?
Pulmonary
What is the L. 5th intercostal valve?
Mitral
What does the SA node do?
The pacemaker, initiates heartbeat, sets heart rate
What does the AV node do?
Electrical gateway to ventricles
What does the AV bundle do?
The pathway for signls from AV node
What should an infants heart rate be?
HR > 120 beats per minute
What is a young adult female average heart rate?
72 to 80 bpm
What is a young adul male’s average heart rate?
64 to 72 bpm
What is Tachycardia?
Persistent, resting adult HR > 100
What can cause tachycardia?
Stress, anxiety, drugs, heart disease of high body temp
What is Bradycardia?
Persistent, resting heart rate < 60
What can cause bradycardia?
Common in sleep and endurance trained athletes
What are arterial pressure points?
Termporal artery Facial artery Common carotid artery Brachial artery Radial artery Femoray artery Popliteal artery Posterial tibial artery Dorsalis pedis artery
Where is blood pressure measured?
Brachial artery of arm
What is systolic pressure?
BP during ventricular systole
What is diastolic pressure?
BP during ventricular diastole
What is the normal value of a young adult blood pressure?
120/80mmHg
