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Focus Personal Training > Cardiovascular Respiratory System > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

What is being taking in when you inhale?

A

Oxygen

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2
Q

At What bpm does tachycardia occur

A

> 100bpm

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3
Q

What is called when the heart skips a beat or head extra beats due to abnormal electrical conduction?

A

An Arrhythmia

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4
Q

Why does blood redistribute during exercise?

A

Blood flow is greater when you exercise because the blood vessels in your muscles dilate

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5
Q

Artery’s are structures that do what?

A

Artery’s are Structures that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart; except the pulmonary artery.

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6
Q

What is SBP vs DBP

A

SBP: Systolic Blood Pressure. Ventricular Contraction
DBP: Diastolic blood pressure. Ventricular relaxation to allow for filling.

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7
Q

At what bpm does Bradycardia occur?

A

<60bpm

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8
Q

Why do veins have valves?

A

Veins have valves to prevent blood from traveling in the opposite direction.

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9
Q

What is the pacemaker of the heart? And at what bpm does it average?

A

SA Node.

The SA node has an intrinsic rate of about 60 - 100 bpm

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10
Q

What serves as a blood reservoirs.

A

Veins:

Veins serve as blood reservoirs holding on to approximately 60% of blood distribution

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11
Q

In what order does electrical conduction of the heart happen?

A 
SA Node
Right Atrium
Av Node
Bundle Branches
Purkinjee Fibers
Then the heart contracts like a wave
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12
Q

When is Blood Pressure at stage 2 hypertension?

A

Systolic: >140
Diastolic: >90

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13
Q

What is plasma made out of?

A

90% h20
7% Plasma Proteins
3% Other

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14
Q

When is blood pressure pre-hypertensive?

A

Systolic: 120-129
Diastolic: <80

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15
Q

What do veins do?

A

All veins carry deoxygenated blood except for the pulmonary vein.

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16
Q

What is being released when you exhale?

A

Carbon Dioxide

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17
Q

What is the difference between a vein and an artery?

A

Artery’s are structures that carry blood away from the heart.

Veins are structures that carry blood to the heart.

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18
Q

When is the parasympathetic nervous system active?

A

The parasympathetic nervous system is being used during rest

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19
Q

What happens to the left ventricle as a result of training?

A

The left ventricle gets larger to allow for more blood flow

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20
Q

What is the average range for resting heart rate in an adult?

A

60-85 bpm

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21
Q

What are the formed elements in blood make out of?

A

> 99% red blood cells

<1% White Blood Cells and Platelets

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22
Q

What is BP?

A

Blood Pressure

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23
Q

When is Blood pressure at stage 1 hypertension?

A

Systolic: 130-139
Diastolic: 80-89

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24
Q

What is blood pressure?

A

The pressure exerted on the arteries; representative of the left ventricle

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25
Q

What is the Hematocrit?

A

100% of total blood volume

26
Q

What is considered normal Blood pressure?

A

Systolic >120

Diastolic <80

27
Q

When is the sympathetic nervous system being used

A

The sympathetic nervous system is used during activity?

28
Q

What is 100% of total blood volume called?

A

Hematocrit

29
Q

Name the components of the blood, and the percentage that component takes up

A

55% Plasma

45% Formed Elements

30
Q

the myocardium is the muscle tissue of the heart and form a thick middle layer between the outer epicardium layer the inner endocardium layer
part of : myocardium of the heart

A

myocardium

31
Q

An elastic artery conducting artery or conduit artery
Elastic artery include the largest artery in the blood those closest to the heart and give rise to the smaller musclar arteries the pulmonary arteries the aorta and it’s branches together comprise the body’s system of elastic arteries

A

elastic artery = elastin ( hight pressures )

32
Q

continue from elastic arteries and control the distribution of blood throughout the body the tunica media contains 3 or more layers of smooth muscle cells along with collagen fibers and a few elastic fibers
A disc

A

muscular artery = smooth muscle ( resistance )

32
Q

continue from elastic arteries and control the distribution of blood throughout the body the tunica media contains 3 or more layers of smooth muscle cells along with collagen fibers and a few elastic fibers

A

muscular artery = smooth muscle ( resistance )

33
Q

that draws blood from an elastic artery and branch into resistance vessel including small arteries and arterioles

A

medium sized artery

34
Q

are continuous in the sense that the endothelial cells provide an uninterrupted lining and they only allow smaller molecules such as water and Ions to pass throught their intercellular cleft these capillaries are a constituent of the blood brain barrier

A

continuous capillaries

35
Q

these are found in some tissues where there is extensive molecular exchange with blood such as the small intestine endocrine glands and the kidney the fenestration are pores that will allow lager molecules thought these capillaries are more permeable than continuous capillaries

A

fenestrated capillaries

36
Q

arterioles

A

one of the small thinwalled arteries that end in capillaries

37
Q

artery

A

a blood vessel that carries blood from the Hart to the body

38
Q

hematocrit (HCT,CRIT, PCV, HandH)

A

the ratio of the volume occupied by packed red blood cells to the volume of the blood as measured by a hematocrit

39
Q

venule ( vein)

A

a very small vein , especially one collection blood from the capillaries

39
Q

venule ( vein)

A

a very small vein , especially one collection blood from the capillaries

40
Q

what are the 2 b.v name their function

A

arteriole (arteries) carry the blood away from the heart

venule (vein) a very small vein especially one collecting blood from the capillaries

41
Q

what is the clinical name for the heart muscle

A

myocardium

42
Q

starting at the right Atria list the patheay of a red blood cell

A

the red blood cell passes through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle

43
Q

what is the primary function of the sa node

A

directs them to the walls of the ventricle

44
Q

what is (HR = Hart rate ) response to lower Boody vs upper body rt

A

it has the same response they don’t very when it come to the Hart rate

45
Q

Q=sv × hr is what decribe

A 
Q = cardiac output =5L/min
sv = stroke volume=70ML -75ML
hr = Heart rate =75-80 bpm
46
Q

systolice

A

ventricular contraction

47
Q

dastolice

A

ventricular relaxation to allow for filling

48
Q

normal adult bhp

A

60-85bpm

49
Q

bradchardia

A

<60pbm

50
Q

tachycardia

A

> 100bpm

51
Q

arrthmia

A

skipped or extra beats due to abnormal

52
Q

ispirtion —> raise the ribcage

A

external intercostals sternocleidomastoids anterior serratus scalenc

53
Q

expiration—–>depress the chest

A

rectus abdominis obliques transverse abdominis internal intercostals

54
Q

(THR)

A

target heart rate

55
Q

(HRR)

A

Heart rate reserve

56
Q

what are the hematological (blood) adaptation to cardio

A

red blood cell hypertrophy up

hyperplas÷

57
Q

why dose blood redistribute during exercise

A

blood flow is greather when you exercise because the blood vessels in your muscle dilate

58
Q

list trunk muscles for inspiration

A

expiration inter costsoles rectus abdominis internal abdomiuns

Focus Personal Training (2 decks)

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