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CEN Cardiovascular Emergencies > Cardiovascular Physiology > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

What is cardiac output

A

Amount of blood ejected from the LV in each minute

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2
Q

Normal CO for an adult

A

4-8 L/min

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3
Q

How do you calculate cardiac output

A

HR X SV

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4
Q

What is Stroke Volume

A

Amount of blood ejected from the LV per contraction

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5
Q

Normal SV for an adult

A

60-130 ml/contraction

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6
Q

What three things make up stroke volume

A

Preload, Afterload, Contractility

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7
Q

Preload

A

Filling pressure of the ventricles - Pressure stretching the ventricles of the heart. You have to FILL the heart to have anything come out!!

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8
Q

Bathtub analogy - What is the “preload” of the bathtub?

A

The faucet - the pressure filling the tub

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9
Q

What is the “faucet” of the right side of the heart?

A

Vena Cava fills the R side of the heart

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10
Q

What is the Invasive Monitoring for hemodynamic measuring for the vena cava?

A

CVP - Central Venous Pressure

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11
Q

What is the Noninvasive Monitoring for hemodynamic measuring for the vena cava?

A

JVD - Jugular dumps into the vena cava

If blood is backing up it will cause JVD distention

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12
Q

What is the “faucet” of the left side of the heart?

A

Pulmonary Circulation

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13
Q

What is the Invasive monitoring for the left side of the heart?

A

Pulmonary Wedge Pressure (PWP)

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14
Q

What is the noninvasive monitoring for the left side of the heart?

A

Lung Sounds

Heavy pressure - fluid will spill into the lungs and have wet sounds

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15
Q

Afterload

A

Pressure the heart must eject against

Amount of pressure in the aorta

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16
Q

What is the afterload in the bathtub analogy?

A

Drain - Big hair clog? Don’t have a stopper?

Aortic Valve

17
Q

How do we measure afterload?

A

MAP - average of pressure in the aorta
(2x diastolic) + systolic / 3
Because heart spends 2x as long in diastolic

18
Q

Contractility is measured by

A

EF

19
Q

Chronotrope affects

A

HR

20
Q

How does Chronotrope work?

A

By firing the SA node

21
Q

Dromotrope affects

A

Automaticity - Speed at which electricity moves through the heart

22
Q

Inotrope affects

A

Contractility

23
Q

What med do you give to affect afterload or preload?

A

Vasoconstriction - inc

Vasodilator - dec

CEN Cardiovascular Emergencies (13 decks)

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