Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ex phys > Cardiovascular Physiology > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

the heart

A

inferior and superior vena cava > right atrium > tricuspid valve > right ventricle > pulomonary semilunar valve > pulmonary arteries > lungs > pulmonary veins > left atrium > bicuspid valve > left ventricle > aortic valve > aorta > body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Conduction Pathways

A

SA Node > Internodal pathways > AV Node > Bundle of His > Left and Right bundle branches > Purkinje fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The right side of the heart

A

Receives blood returning from the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The left side of the heart

A

Receives oxygenated blood from lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The two sides of the heart are separated by

A

interventricular system septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which is the largest and most powerful chamber?

A

Left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS)

A

through the vagus nerve and decrease HR and force of contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS)

A

stimulated by stress to increase HR and force of contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Epinephrine and Norepinephrine are released due to

A

sympathetic stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Bradycardia

A

resting HR below 60 bpm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Tachycardia

A

resting HR above 100 bpm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

P wave

A

Atrium depolarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

QRS complex

A

Ventricular depolarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

T wave

A

Ventricular repolarization (ventricular diastole)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Diastole

A

relaxation phase during which the chambers fill with blood (T wave to QRS complex)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Systole

A

contraction phase during which the chambers speed blood (QRS to T)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Stroke Volume

A

the volume of blood pumped per contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

SV formula

A

SV = EDV- ESV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

End-diastolic volume (EDV)

A

the volume of blood in ventricle before contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

End-systolic volume (ESV)

A

the volume of blood in ventricle after contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Cardiac output (Q)

A

the total volume of blood pumped by the ventricle per minute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Cardiac output formula

A

Q = HR x SV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Ejection Fraction (EF)

A

the proportion of blood pumped out of the left ventricle each beat

24
Q

Ejection Fraction formula

A

EF = SV / EDV

25
Q

Vascular System

A

Arteries > arterioles > capillaries > venules > veins

26
Q

Autoregulation

A

arterioles within organs or tissue dilate or constrict

27
Q

Extrinsic neural control

A

when sympathetic nerves within the walls of vessels are stimulated

28
Q

BP formula

A

BP = cardiac output x Total peripheral resistance (TPR)

29
Q

Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)

A

average pressure exerted by the blood as it travels through arteries

30
Q

MAP formula

A

MAP = DBP + {0.333 (SBP -DBP)]

31
Q

Total Pheripheral Resistance (TPR) formula

A

TPR =MAP / Q or Q = MAP/ TPR

32
Q

Composition of Blood

A

55% plasma

45% elements

33
Q

Compositon of plasma

A

90% H20
7% plasma proteins
3% other

34
Q

Compositions of elements

A

99% RBCs

1% WBCs and platelets

35
Q

White blood cells

A

protect body from disease organism

36
Q

Blood Platelets

A

cell fragments that help blood coagulation

37
Q

RBCs

A

carry oxygen to tissue with the help of hemoglobin

38
Q

Hematocrit

A

the ratio of formed elements to the total blood volume

39
Q

Higher hematocrits result in

A

higher blood viscosity

40
Q

Acute response to exercise

A

increase HR, SV, and Q

41
Q

Resting HR

A

28 -100 bpm

42
Q

Factors that decrease resting HR

A

Age and increased cardiovascular fitness

43
Q

Factors that affect resting HR

A

environmental conditions (altitude and temperature)

44
Q

HRmax

A

highest heart rate value one can achieve in an all-out effort to the point of exhaustion

45
Q

HRmax formula

A

HRmax= 220 - age in years

46
Q

Steady-state HR

A

HR plateau reached during a constant rate of submaximal work

47
Q

What represents a low steady-state HR?

A

a more efficient heart

48
Q

What does SV determine?

A

a cardiorespiratory endurance capacity at maximal rates of work

49
Q

Why a slight decline occurs at SVmax?

A

Due to a smaller venous return because the heart rate is so high that there isn’t enough time to fill the heart up with blood

50
Q

Frank Startling mechanism

A

More blood in the ventricle causes it to stretch more and contract with more force

51
Q

An increased in the SV during exercise is due to?

A

the Frank-Starling mechanism and because the heart just contracts harder

52
Q

Cardiovascular Drift

A

A gradual decrease in SV and systematic and pulmonary arterial pressures and increase in HR

53
Q

How does cardiovascular drift occur?

A

With steady-state prolonged exercise or exercise in a hot environment

54
Q

Cardiovascular Endurance Training

A

SBP increases and DBP changes little

55
Q

Resistance Exercise

A

Exaggerates BP responses 480/350 mmHg

56
Q

Arterial- Venous Oxygen Difference

A

Amount of oxygen extracted from the blood as it travels through the body

ex phys (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions