Cardiovascular Physiology Flashcards
Systole
contraction phase of cardiac cycle
emptying
Diastole
relaxation phase of cardiac cycle
filling
Heart Rate
BPM
rate of heart
Venous Return
volume of blood returned to atrium
Stroke Volume (SV)
volume leaving heart per beat (ml)
amount of blood pumped by the heart in one beat
Cardiac Output (CO or Q(flow))
volume leaving heart per minute (L/min)
Amount of blood pumped/minutes
Systolic Pressure
highest arterial pressure
pressure in artery when blood is ejected from ventricle
Diastolic Pressure
lowest arterial pressure
lowest pressure- no blood being ejected
Pulse Pressure
difference between systolic and diastolic
magnitude reflects volume ejected from left ventricle per beat
End-Diastolic Volume (EDV)
volume in ventricle after diastole when filling is complete
End-Systolic Volume (ESV)
volume in ventricle after systole when emptying is complete
Central Venous Pressure (CVP)
pressure in the great veins (very small)
P Wave
originates in SA Node depolarizing through atria to AV Node
generated by activation of muscle of both atria
Internodal Pathway
Extends from SA Node to AV Node
Interatrial Pathway
between left and right atra
PR Interval
Include P wave and the PR segment
depolarizing of right and left atria
PR Segment
Area from end of P wave to beginning of QRS complex
flat portion is AV node conduction
Q Wave
interventricular septum depolarizes form left to right
R Wave
ventricular walls depolarized
large mass so large deflection
contract from apex to base
S Wave
few small areas of ventricles are activated at later stage
T Wave
ventricular muscle depolarizes
longer duration because repolarization isn’t a synchronized propagated wave
timing depends on properties of individual cells
QT Interval
time from ventricular depolarization to repolarization
total time of ventricular activation
ST Segment
End of S wave to start of T wave
flat because ventricular muscle is depolarized
correlates with Ca2+ influx of action potential
ventricles are contracting and emptying
U Wave
rarely seen in normal condition
could be slow repolarization of muscles
after T wave
