Cardiovascular Medications Flashcards
1
Q
Antihypertensive
A
NI: weight, vital signs, hydration status orthostatic blood pressures lab: renal function, coagulation take the same time every day do not discontinue abruptly
2
Q
ACE Inhibitorsjj
A
Therapeutic use: hypertension, HF, MI, diabetic nephropathy Precautions/Interactions: caution with diuretics, monitor K+ levels Side/Adverse Effects: persistent nonproductive cough angioedema, hypotension NI: Captopril taken 1 hr before meals monitor BP administer epi for angioedema
3
Q
Calcium-Channel Blockers
slows movement of calcium into smooth-muscle cells, resulting in arterial dilation and decrease BP
A
Therapeutic use: angina, hypertension atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, SVT Precaution/interactions caution with digoxin and beta blockers contraindicated with HF, heart block, bradycardia NO grapefruit juice Side effects: constipation, reflex tachycardia, peripheral edema, toxicity NI: no crush/chew administer IV over 2-3 minutes slowly taper dose monitor HR and BP
4
Q
Alpha Adrenergic Blockers (sympatholytic)
selectively inhibit alpha, adrenergic receptors, resulting in peripheral arterial and venous dilation that lowers BP
A
Therapeutic use: primary hypertension Precaution/interactions increased risk of hypotension and syncope if given with other antihypertensive, beta blockers, or diuretics NSAIDs can decrease the effect of some medications Side/Adverse effects dizziness, fainting NI: monitor HR, BP take at bedtime
5
Q
Centrally Acting Agonists
stimulate alpha adrenergic receptors in the brain to reduce peripheral vascular resistance, HR, and systolic and diastolic BP
A
Therapeutic use:
primary hypertension
hypertensive crisis
severe cancer pain
