Cardiovascular Examination Flashcards
What does clubbing indicate in a cardiovascular exam?
Endocarditis, congenital cyanosis heart disease, trial myxoma
What does peripheral cyanosis indicate in a cardiovascular exam?
Heart failure, congenital heart disease, valvular heart disease
What do pale palmer creases indicate in a cardiovascular exam?
Anaemia
- What is koilonychia
- What does it indicate in a cardiovascular exam?
- Spooning finger nails
- Iron deficiency
What do splinter haemorrhages indicate in a cardiovascular exam?
Endocarditis
- What are nail fold infarcts?
- What do they indicate in a cardiovascular exam?
- Cuts/rashes around the nail bed
- Endocarditis
- What are janeway lessions/Osler’s nodes?
- What do they indicate in cardiovascular exam?
- Red/Black spots on palms
- Endocarditis
- What is tendon xanthomas
- What do they indicate in a cardiovascular exam?
- Lipid deposits (nodes) around the tendons
- Hypercholesterolaemia
What is the normal heart rate?
60-100 bpm
What should you examine about a radial pulse in a cardiovascular exam?
Rate
Rhythm
Slow rising/collapsing pulse
What does an increased/abnormal JVP indicate in a cardiovascular exam?
Right heart failure
Heart failure
Where do you auscultation to hear the mitral valve?
The apex (5th intercostal space on midclavicular line)
Where do you auscultation to hear the tricuspid valve?
Lower left sternal edge at the 5th intercostal space
Where do you auscultation to hear the pulmonary valve?
2nd intercostal space at the upper left sternal edge
Where do you auscultation to hear the aortic valve?
2nd intercostal space at upper right sternal edge
