Cardiovascular Drugs Part 1 (Antihypertensives)

Question 1

Causes smooth muscle relaxation.

Answer 1

CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS

Question 2

What two medications are reserved for the management of hypertensive emergencies?

Answer 2

SODIUM NITROPRUSSIDE AND DIAZOXIDE IV

Question 3

What increases renal prostaglandins, resulting in the dilation of blood vessels and reduced peripheral vascular resistance?

Answer 3

LOOP DIURETICS

Question 4

What is the drug of choice for hypertension in pregnancy?

Answer 4

METHYLDOPA

Question 5

What is the only ACE inhibitor available in oral and parenteral forms?

Answer 5

ENALAPRIL

Question 6

What diuretic is used to decrease intracranial pressure?

Answer 6

OSMOTIC DIURETICS

Question 7

What type of ACE inhibitor drug that is newer agents, long half lives and once a day dosing?

Answer 7

LISINOPRIL

Question 8

What drug is useful in the management of withdrawal symptoms in opioid or nicotine dependent persons?

Answer 8

CLONIDINE

Question 9

It allows angiotensin I to be converted into angiotensin II, but block the receptors that received angiotensin II.

Answer 9

ANGIOTENSIN II RECEPTOR BLOCKER

Question 10

Most commonly prescribed osmotic diuretic?

Answer 10

MANNITOL

Question 11

What type of diuretic is Triamterene (dyrenium)?

Answer 11

POTASSIUM-SPARING DIURETICS

Question 12

What type of diuretic helps prevent kidney failure?

Answer 12

OSMOTIC DIURETICS

Question 13

What inhibits the release of norepinephrine and a result of decreased blood pressure?

Answer 13

ADRENERGIC NEURONAL BLOCKER

Question 14

What interferes with sodium-potassium exchange and binds to aldosterone receptors?

Answer 14

POTASSIUM SPARING DIURETICS

Question 15

What affects the intracellular calcium levels in the heart muscle, leading to increased contractility?

Answer 15

CARDIOTONIC AGENTS OR INOTROPIC DRUGS

Question 16

What short half life must be dosed more frequently than others?

Answer 16

CAPTOPRIL

Question 17

What decreases the plasma and extracellular fluid volume?

Answer 17

DIURETICS

Question 18

What leads to a decrease in heart rate and strength of contraction as well as vasodilation?

Answer 18

ADRENERGIC AGENTS

Question 19

Why is primary hypertension also termed as “idiopathic hypertension”?

Answer 19

Idiopathic means unknown cause.

Question 20

What blocks the alpha1 - adrenergic receptors?

Answer 20

ALPHA 1 BLOCKERS (PERIPHERALLY ACTING)

Question 21

What decreases vascular resistance and heart rate?

Answer 21

BETA - ADRENERGIC BLOCKERS

Question 22

A heart attack occurs when one or more coronary arteries are blocked. What is the medical term for heart attack?

Answer 22

MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (MI)

Question 23

What class of antihypertensive drugs that results in a decrease of systemic vascular response and a decreased afterload?

Answer 23

VASODILATORS

Question 24

In treating patients with hypertension, what would the first nursing intervention be?

Answer 24

LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION

Question 25

What medication prevents an enzyme in the body from angiotensin II, a substance that narrows blood vessels?

Answer 25

ACE inhibitors

Question 26

What is the suffix for ACE inhibitors?

Answer 26

-PRIL

Question 27

What antihypertensive medication blocks calcium from entering the cells of the heart and arteries

Answer 27

CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS

Question 28

What is the second step for treating hypertension when the first step isn’t sufficient?

Answer 28

DRUG THERAPY

Question 29

What specific electrolyte imbalance condition is contraindicated for beta-blockers?

Answer 29

HYPERKALEMIA

Question 30

What does an ACE inhibitor block the conversion of?

Answer 30

ANGIOTENSIN I