Cardiovascular Drugs

Question 1

Fyhrquist, 2008

Answer 1

There are several more Ang peptides synthesised from I and II: III to VII. III and IV especially have opposing effects to Ang II so act as modulators of the RAAS system

Question 2

Santos, 2003

Answer 2

MAS1 is the gene that codes for AT3R which is a GPCR that binds Ang I to VII. This receptor opposes many of the effects of AT1R so agonists of this receptor could be used as a therapeutic for hypertension

Question 3

SOLVD-TREATMENT Trial

Answer 3

ACE inhibitors in heart failure

Question 4

CHARM trial

Answer 4

ARBs in heart failure

Question 5

RALES trial, 1996

Answer 5

Spironolactone in Heart Failure

Question 6

Catterall, 2005

Answer 6

Types of voltage gated calcium channel

Question 7

Elliott, 2011

Answer 7

Uses of Calcium Channel Blockers

Question 8

Zuccotti, 2011

Answer 8

T-type Voltage Gated Calcium Channels-Generate a ‘background current’ -Milbefredil-used as a T-type antagonist for Hypertension and Angina but generated pro-arrhythmic effects

Question 9

PARADIGM Trial, 2013

Answer 9

Showed Efficacy of Entresto

Question 10

Nakae, 2000

Answer 10

Showed that K+ channel activators were successful in patients resistant to organic nitrates

Question 11

Ortlepp, 2002

Answer 11

RAAS Polymorphisms that contribute to cardiovascular Disease:
Angiotensinogen M235T-missense in exon 2
ACE deletion of 287bp at intron 16
AT1R A1166C missense mutation