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Pharmacology > cardiovascular drugs > Flashcards

cardiovascular drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What are arrhythmias caused by

A
  1. Aberrations in impulse general (abnormal automaticity)

2. Defects in impulse conduction

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2
Q

cardiac output =

A

CO = HR X SV

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3
Q

Stroke volume =

A

SV = EDV - ESV

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4
Q

Preload

A

Filling pressure at end of diastole

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5
Q

Afterload

A

pressure against which heart must work to eject blood during systole

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6
Q

Name 3 major determinants of myocardial O2 demand

A
  1. Heart rate
  2. Contractility
  3. Wall stress
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7
Q

Arterial Blood Pressure =

A

ABP = HR X SV X TPR

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8
Q

ACE inhibitor Captopril - Half life

A

Short half life 2.5 hrs

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9
Q

ACE inhibitor lisinopril, enalopril - Half life

A

Long half life

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10
Q

ACE inhibitor additional mechanism

A

inhibits degradation of bradykinin - has vasodilating activity

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11
Q

Calcium channel blocker Dihydropyridines - e.g.

A

Nifedipine (binds to N site) - in a completely different region of the channel
Have a greater affinity for vascular Ca+2 channels

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12
Q

Calcium channel blocker benzothiazepines - e.g.

A

Diltiazem (binds to D site) (D and V sites of the channel overlap)

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13
Q

Calcium channel blocker Diphenylalkylamines - e.g.

A

Verapamil (binds to V site)

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14
Q

Effects of calcium channel blockers

A
  1. dilate coronary artiers
  2. Increase myocardial O2 supply
  3. decrease myocardial contractility
  4. SA and AV node action
  5. DO NOT EFFECT SKELETAL MUSCLE
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15
Q

What is the role of cGMP?

A

cGMP when activated, activates MLC-phosphatatse

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16
Q

What are the agents used for treating Angina

A

Nitrates
B blockers
Ca channel blockers

17
Q

At therapeutic doses, what type of dilation predominates with the use of organic nitrates

A

Venous capacitance is increased predominantly

18
Q

Which method of use of Nitroglycerin has the longest onset of action and longest duration

A

Trans-dermal patch

Isosorbine mono and dinitrate are best with oral SR and XR tablets

Pharmacology (4 decks)

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