Cardiovascular Disease Flashcards
clonidine
Catapres
PharmCategory: Alpha2 agonist
Common Indications: HTN, ADHD
Key Side Effects: xerostomia, drowsiness
US Boxed Warnings: avoid epidural use
benazepril
Lotensin
PharmCategory: Angiotensin-converting
enzyme (ACE) inhibitor
Common Indications: HTN, chronic HF, CAD
Key Side Effects: cough, hyperkalemia, angioedema
US Boxed Warnings: fetal toxicity (contraindicated in pregnancy)
enalapril
Vasotec
PharmCategory: Angiotensin-converting
enzyme (ACE) inhibitor
Common Indications: HTN, chronic HF, CAD
Key Side Effects: cough, hyperkalemia, angioedema
US Boxed Warnings: fetal toxicity (contraindicated in pregnancy)
lisinopril
Prinivil, Zestril
PharmCategory: Angiotensin-converting
enzyme (ACE) inhibitor
Common Indications: HTN, chronic HF, CAD
Key Side Effects: cough, hyperkalemia, angioedema
US Boxed Warnings: fetal toxicity (contraindicated in pregnancy)
quinapril
Accupril
PharmCategory: Angiotensin-converting
enzyme (ACE) inhibitor
Common Indications: HTN, chronic HF, CAD
Key Side Effects: cough, hyperkalemia, angioedema
US Boxed Warnings: fetal toxicity (contraindicated in pregnancy)
ramipril
Altace
PharmCategory: Angiotensin-converting
enzyme (ACE) inhibitor
Common Indications: HTN, chronic HF, CAD
Key Side Effects: cough, hyperkalemia, angioedema
US Boxed Warnings: fetal toxicity (contraindicated in pregnancy)
irbesartan
Avapro
PharmCategory: Angiotensin II receptor
blocker (ARB)
Common Indications: HTN, CAD
Key Side Effects: hyperkalemia, angioedema
US Boxed Warnings: fetal toxicity (contraindicated in pregnancy)
losartan
Cozaar
PharmCategory: Angiotensin II receptor
blocker (ARB)
Common Indications: HTN, CAD
Key Side Effects: hyperkalemia, angioedema
US Boxed Warnings: fetal toxicity (contraindicated in pregnancy)
olmesartan
Benicar
PharmCategory: Angiotensin II receptor
blocker (ARB)
Common Indications: HTN, CAD
Key Side Effects: hyperkalemia, angioedema
US Boxed Warnings: fetal toxicity (contraindicated in pregnancy)
telmisartan
Micardis
PharmCategory: Angiotensin II receptor
blocker (ARB)
Common Indications: HTN, CAD
Key Side Effects: hyperkalemia, angioedema
US Boxed Warnings: fetal toxicity (contraindicated in pregnancy)
valsartan
Diovan
PharmCategory: Angiotensin II receptor
blocker (ARB)
Common Indications: HTN, chronic HF, CAD
Key Side Effects: hyperkalemia, angioedema
US Boxed Warnings: fetal toxicity (contraindicated in pregnancy)
amlodipine
Norvasc
PharmCategory: Indications: Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker (CCB)
Common Indications: HTN, CAD
Key Side Effects: edema
nifedipine
Procardia XL, Nifedical XL, Adalat CC
PharmCategory: Indications: Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker (CCB)
Common Indications: HTN, CAD
Key Side Effects: edema
hydralazine
Apresoline
PharmCategory: Direct arterial vasodilator
Common Indications: HTN
Key Side Effects: orthostatic hypotension, drug-induced lupus-like
syndrome
chlorthalidone
Thalitone
PharmCategory: Thiazide diuretic
Common Indications: HTN, volume overload
Key Side Effects: hypokalemia, hyponatremia
hydrochlorothiazide
Microzide
PharmCategory: Thiazide diuretic
Common Indications: HTN, volume overload
Key Side Effects: hypokalemia, hyponatremia
amlodipine and
benazepril
Lotrel
lisinopril and
hydrochlorothiazide
Prinzide
losartan and
hydrochlorothiazide
Hyzaar
olmesartan and
hydrochlorothiazide
Benicar-HCT
telmisartan and
hydrochlorothiazide
Micardis HCT
triamterene and
hydrochlorothiazide
Dyazide, Maxzid
valsartan and
hydrochlorothiazide
Diovan-HCT
dabigatran
Pradaxa
PharmCategory: Anticoagulant, direct thrombin inhibitor
Common Indications: AF (stroke prevention),
VTE
Key Side Effects: bleeding, dyspepsia
US Boxed Warnings: premature discontinuation increases risk of
thrombotic events
apixaban
Eliquis
PharmCategory: Anticoagulant, factor Xa inhibitor
Common Indications: AF (stroke prevention),
VTE
Key Side Effects: bleeding
US Boxed Warnings: premature discontinuation increases risk of thrombotic events
rivaroxaban
Xarelto
PharmCategory: Anticoagulant, factor Xa inhibitor
Common Indications: AF (stroke prevention),
VTE
Key Side Effects: bleeding
US Boxed Warnings: premature discontinuation increases risk of thrombotic events
warfarin
Coumadin,
Jantoven
PharmCategory: Anticoagulant, vitamin K
antagonist
Common Indications: AF (stroke prevention),
VTE
Key Side Effects: bleeding
US Boxed Warnings: bleeding risk
Other Notes: narrow therapeutic index drug (toxicity may occur at
concentrations close to therapeutic range; therapeutic monitoring
is recommended)
clopidogrel
Plavix
PharmCategory: Antiplatelet agent
Common Indications: CAD, stroke
Key Side Effects: bleeding
US Boxed Warnings: diminished effectiveness in poor metabolizers
dipyridamole and
aspirin
Aggrenox
PharmCategory: Antiplatelet agent
Common Indications: Stroke
Key Side Effects: bleeding, headache
prasugrel
Effient
PharmCategory: Antiplatelet agent
Common Indications: CAD
Key Side Effects: bleeding
US Boxed Warnings: bleeding risk
Other Notes: contraindicated in patients with history of stroke
atenolol
Tenormin
PharmCategory: Beta1-selective beta-blocker
Common Indications: AF (rate control), CAD, HTN
Key Side Effects: bradycardia
US Boxed Warnings: avoid abrupt discontinuation
metoprolol tartrate
Lopressor
PharmCategory: Beta1-selective beta-blocker
Common Indications: AF (rate control), CAD, HTN
Key Side Effects: bradycardia
US Boxed Warnings: avoid abrupt discontinuation
metoprolol succinate
Toprol-XL
PharmCategory: Beta1-selective beta-blocker
Common Indications: Chronic HF, AF (rate control), CAD, HT
Key Side Effects: bradycardia
US Boxed Warnings: avoid abrupt discontinuation
nebivolol
Bystolic
PharmCategory: Beta1-selective beta-blocker
Common Indications: HTN
Key Side Effects: bradycardia
diltiazem
Cardizem, Cardizem CD, Cardizem LA,
Cartia XT
PharmCategory: Non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker (CCB)
Common Indications: AF (rate control), HTN, CAD
Key Side Effects: bradycardia, peripheral edema, constipation
verapamil
Calan, Calan SR, Verelan
PharmCategory: Non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker (CCB)
Common Indications: AF (rate control), HTN, CAD
Key Side Effects: bradycardia, peripheral edema, constipation
carvedilol
Coreg, Coreg CR
PharmCategory: Non-selective beta-blocker
Common Indications: Chronic HF, AF (rate control), CAD, HTN
Key Side Effects: bradycardia
labetalol
Trandate
PharmCategory: Non-selective beta-blocker
Common Indications: HTN
Key Side Effects: bradycardia
propranolol
Inderal LA,
Inderal XL
PharmCategory: Non-selective beta-blocker
Common Indications: HTN, CAD
Key Side Effects: bradycardia
US Boxed Warnings: avoid abrupt discontinuation
bisoprolol and
hydrochlorothiazide
Ziac
amiodarone
Cordarone, Pacerone
PharmCategory: Antiarrhythmic
Common Indications: AF, ventricular
fibrillation, ventricular
tachycardia
Key Side Effects: hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, pulmonary
toxicity, hepatotoxicity
US Boxed Warnings: life-threatening arrhythmias, pulmonary
toxicity, hepatotoxicity
sotalol
Betapace
PharmCategory: Antiarrhythmic
Common Indications: AF (rhythm control)
Key Side Effects: bradycardia, arrhthymias
US Boxed Warnings: life-threatening proarrhythmia
colesevelam
Welchol
PharmCategory: Bile acid sequestrant
Common Indications: Dyslipidemia
Key Side Effects: constipation, dyspepsia
digoxin
Digitek, Digox,
Lanoxin
PharmCategory: Cardiac glycoside
Common Indications: AF (rate control),
chronic HF
Key Side Effects: nausea, vomiting, visual changes
Other Notes: narrow therapeutic index drug (toxicity may occur at
concentrations close to therapeutic range; therapeutic drug
monitoring is recommended); signs of toxicity include nausea,
vomiting and visual changes
ezetimibe
Zetia
PharmCategory:Cholesterol absorption inhibitor
Common Indications: Dyslipidemia
Key Side Effects: diarrhea