Cardiovascular Disease Flashcards
What is the current survival rate of adults patients that experience cardiac arrest outside the hospital
Less than 5%
Survival rate of adult patients who experience cardiac arrest in a hospital
22%
Warning signs and symptoms of cardiac arrest appear _____ _______ before the arrest takes place
2 weeks
What are the symptoms of cardiac arrest for men and women
MEN - chest pain
WOMEN - shortness of breath
What is the first sign of coronary artery disease?
heart attack
How many americans are estimated to have some form of Cardiovascular Disease?
70 million / 25% of population
13 million with coronary artery diesase
What is the leading cause of death in the US after the age of 65?
Cardiovascular disease
30% of heart disease risk stems from…
genetic factors
men develop heart disease ___ ______ earlier than women
10 years
**women “catch up” post menopause
Who is most at risk for heart disease
African Americans
Most modifiable risk for heart disease is
Smoking
Risks factors for heart disease
smoking
excessive alcohol use
stress
obesity
diabetes
cholesterol
hypertension
sleep apnea
General warning signs and symptoms of cardiovascular disease
extreme fatigue
constant dizziness
fast heart rate (>100bpm)
new, irregular heartbeat
Chest pain
difficulty breathing
nausea
cold sweats
edema
*women’s symptoms include indigestion, shortness of breath, back pain
What is edema
fluid retention
severe pitting
mild
what is stenosis
narrowing or obstruction
usually aortic valve
what can cause stenosis?
rheumatic fever
calcification of valve
congenital abnormalities
What is dyspnea?
Breathing that is difficult labored and uncomfortable
What is orthopnea
difficulty breathing when lying down
what are causes of oprthopnea?
Heart failure
COPD
Panic disorder
sleep apnea
What is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes
CAD (coronary artery disease)
What is Coronary artery disease?
decreased or blocked blood flow to the heart due to plaque (cholesterol) build up
If you have diabetes you are ______ as likely to have heart disease or stroke as someone who doesn’t have diabetes
twice
What should people with diabetes do to help manage the risk of cardiovascular disease?
A - get a regular A1c test
b - try to keep blood pressure WNR
C - manage your Cholesterol levels
s- stop smoking
Elevation in serum lipid levels and increased blood pressure are a major risk factor for what?
atherosclerosis
