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Medical Scribe > Cardiovascular (CV) and Pulmonary > Flashcards

Cardiovascular (CV) and Pulmonary Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

cardiovascular

A

CV

heart

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2
Q

normal cardiovascular

A 
regular rate (speed)
regular rhythm (pattern) [RRR]
heart sounds normal (no murmurs, rubs or gallops)
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3
Q

abnormal cardiovascular

A

tachycardia/bradycardia
irregularly irregular rhythm
murmur, gallop, rubs
extrasystoles

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4
Q

tachycardia

A

> 100bpm

abnormal CV

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5
Q

bradycardia

A

<60bpm

abnormal CV

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6
Q

regular rate and rhythm

A

RRR

normal CV

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7
Q

irregularly irregular rhythm

A

associated with atrial fibrillation (afib)

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8
Q

murmur

A

whoosh sound

abnormal CV

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9
Q

gallop

A

extra sound/beat

abnormal CV

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10
Q

rub

A

squeaky sound

abnormal CV

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11
Q

extrasystoles

A

extra beats

abnormal CV

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12
Q

perfusion

A

pulse

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13
Q

radial pulse

A

wrist

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14
Q

carotid pulse

A

neck

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15
Q

femoral pulse

A

groin/stomach

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16
Q

dorsalis pedis pulse

A

DP pulse

top of the foot

17
Q

posterior tibialis pulse

A

PT pulse

back of the foot, near the ankle

18
Q

pulse grading scale

A 
0=absent
1+= barely palpable
2+= easily palpable
3+= full
4+= bounding/aneurysmal
19
Q

normal perfusion

A

pulses equal and symmetric

capillary refill less than 2s

20
Q

abnormal perfusion

A

unequal pulses

delayed capillary refill

21
Q

pulmonary

A

lungs/respiratory

22
Q

normal pulmonary

A

no respiratory distress
normal respiratory rate
normal effort
breath sounds clear and equal

23
Q

abnormal pulmonary

A 
respiratory distress + intensity
tachypnea
accessory muscle use
diminished (quiet) breath sounds
wheezes (inspiratory/expiratory)
rales
rhonchi
24
Q

respiratory distress

A

obvious issues breathing

abnormal pulmonary

25
Q

normal effort

A

no appearance of struggling to breath

normal pulmonary

26
Q

clear to auscultation bilaterally

A

CTAB

breath sounds clear and equal

27
Q

tachypnea

A

fast breathing

28
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

29
Q

rhonchi

A

wet

30
Q

accessory muscle use

A

retractions

only for infants

31
Q

signs of respiratory distress in infants

A

retraction/accessory muscle use
nasal flaring
tachypnea

Medical Scribe (6 decks)

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