Cardiovascular and lymphatic system pathologies Flashcards
Inability of red blood cells to deliver enough oxygen to tissues producing symptoms of fatigue
Anemia
Weakening and widening of an artery wall; tendency to rupture and form clots; often occur in aorta or arteries of the brain
Aneurysm
Transient chest pain during exertion caused by ischemic cardiac muscle; the amount of oxygen supply to the heart declines
Angina pectoris
Abnormal heart rate; irregular heart rhythm
Arrhythmia
Slow heart rate
Bradycardia
Fast heart rate
Tachycardia
Hardening of the arteries; can lead to coronary artery disease
Arteriosclerosis
Most common type of arteriosclerosis, when deposits from cholesterol in the blood buildup at stress points (where arteries branch) in the arteries
Atherosclerosis
Failure of the left side of the heart to pump, affectively, resulting in congestion in the systemic and pulmonary circulatory systems
Congestive heart failure
Blood clot (thrombus), Plaque, air, or gas, fat, tumor cells, tissue, or clumps of bacteria in the bloodstream
Embolus
Abnormal heart sound caused by disorders of the valves
Heart murmurs
Inability to form blood clots to control bleeding
Genetic disease
Hemophilia
Sustained elevation of systolic and dystonic blood pressure
Asymptomatic until complications develop
A.k.a. high blood pressure
Hypertension
Death of cardiac muscle cells from ischemia with crushing pain
A.k.a. heart attack
Myocardial infarction
Affects the blood supply to the fingers and toes, and occasionally to the nose. Temporary spasms in the small arteries, reduce or stop blood flow to the area, and the skin turns pale and then blue. Also aggravated by emotional disturbances.
“ white finger disease”
Raynuad Disease
Cardiac damage from inflammatory response to a bacterial infection
Rheumatic heart disease
Blood vessels dilate rapidly and blood pressure drops
Shock
A type of shock resulting in Loss of blood or other fluids
Hypovolemic shock
Type of shock due to Bacterial infection
a.k.a. toxic shock syndrome
Septic shock
Type of shock occurring from an overreaction of the immune system due to an allergy
Anaphylactic shock
Premature destruction of red blood cells, resulting in the sickle shape causing them to not flow smoothly and clot
Genetic disorder
Sickle cell disease
A clot in a vein with inflammation
Thrombophlebitis
Clotting in an unbroken vessel
Thrombosis
Thrombosis that usually occurs in abdomen or legs
Deep vein thrombosis
Weakening and widening of vein wall due to backward pressure of blood when valves weaken, with a tendency for clots; abnormal an irregular dilations and superficial veins, particularly and lower legs;
A.k.a. varicosity
Varicose veins
Varicose veins in the rectum
A.k.a. piles
Hemorrhoids
Presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid and the interstitial tissue spaces
Edema
Inflammation of the liver
Viral infection leads to A, B, C, D, E, G
Hepatitis
Oncogenic and lymphotropic; virus, replicate, and T cells and macrophages
Virus
HIV/aids
Uncontrolled production of a normal white blood cells; these cells accumulate in the bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen, & liver to that these organs do not function properly
Leukemia
Indentations that remain for a time after pressure is released
Pitting edema
Tissue death
Necrosis
Having an affinity for lymphocytes
Lymphotropic
Blocking or closing of a blood vessel or hollow organ
Occlusion
A gene that causes a host cell to become cancerous
Oncogenic
A disorder in which an excessive number of red blood cells makes the blood so sick that it is unable to flow properly
Polycythemia
Decrease in platelets
Thrombocytopenia
Narrowing
Stenosis
Thickness
Viscosity
No oxygen
Anoxia
Leading cause of death in the US
Cardiovascular disease
Vomiting blood
Hematemesis
Blood and urine
Hematuria
Passage of blood outside cardiovascular system
Hemorrhage
Oxygen deficiency
Hypoxia
Temporary lack of blood flow
Ischemia
High white blood cell count
Leukocytosis
Low white blood cell count
Leukopenia
Inflammation of endocardium, heart valves, or both
Endocarditis
Inflammation of the heart muscle
Myocarditis
Inflammation of the pericardium
Pericarditis
Inflammation of a vein
Phlebitis
This increases urine output
Diarrhetic
Disorder caused by the mothers Rh antibodies reacting with the baby’s rh-positive cells
Erythroblastosis fetalis
Rhesus disease
