Cardiovascular Anatomy Flashcards
what is the blood circulation route
left ventricle
aorta
systemic circulation
s/i vena cava
right atrium
right ventricle
pulmonary arteries
pulmonary circulation
pulmonary veins
left atrium
what is the structure of the systemic circulation (inner to outer)
lumen
tunica intima
elastic lamina
tunica media
tunica adventitia
role of the tunica intima
inner lining
single endothelial layer
role of tunica media
largely smooth muscle
helps vessels to contracts
contains elastic fibres to keep blood flow unidirectional
tunica adventitia
delivers oxygen and nutrients
removes waste
structure support
mediastinum definition and contents
the space between the lungs, which is occupied by the heart
contains: - heart
- trachea
- thoracic nerves
- blood vessels
borders of the mediastinum
s - plane between top of sternum of T1
i - diaphragm
a - sternum and costal cartilage
p - thoracic vertebrae
divisions of the mediastinum
superior - above the level of the junction between manubrium and sternum body
inferior - anterior, middle (pericardium), posterior
pericardium definition and layers
thick membrane around the heart
- fibrous
- serous parietal
- serous visceral
what is in the serous layer of the pericardium and what is its role
thin layer of pericardial fluid
prevents friction and damage
what do the chordae tendineae attach to
atrioventricular valves and papillary muscle
how many cusps do atrioventricular valves have
2 or 3
what are the names of the 4 valves
atrioventricular:
left = mitral
right = tricuspid
semilunar:
left = aortic
right = pulmonary
