Cardiovascular

Question 1

Cardiovascular

Answer 1

Circulation of blood through the body in a steady stream by means of heart and blood vessels. (Arteries, veins, and capillaries)

Question 2

Functions of circulatory system:

Answer 2

1) Circulation
2) Transportation
3) Defence
4) Regulation

Question 3

Cardiac

Answer 3

The heart pumps blood through the circulatory system

Question 4

What is the cardiac enclosed in?

Answer 4

Membrane called pericardium

Question 5

What regulates the heartbeat?

Answer 5

The vagus parasympathetic and nerves from the sympathetic nervous system

Question 6

What’s inside the heart?

Answer 6

Four hollow chambers and four valves

Question 7

Upper thin walled chambers are:

Answer 7

Right atrium (or right auricle)
Left atrium (or left auricle)

Question 8

Lower thick walled chambers are:

Answer 8

Right ventricle (pumps to lungs)
Left ventricle (mostly pumps to entire body)

Question 9

Four valves:

Answer 9

Mitral valve
Aortic valve
Pulmonary valve
Tricuspid valve

Question 10

What do valves allow?

Answer 10

Valves allow blood to flow one way only

Question 11

Vascular: blood vessels

Answer 11

Vessel: tube like structure that conveys fluids. Arteries, capillaries, and veins are tube like in structure

Question 12

What do arteries do?

Answer 12

Carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, to the capillaries

Question 13

Veins:

Answer 13

Thin walled blood vessels that are less elastic than arteries

Question 14

What do veins contain?

Answer 14

Cup like valves to prevent back flow and carry deoxygenated blood from capillaries back to heart.

Question 15

Circulation of blood:

Answer 15

1. Pulmonary circulation
   - circulation from heart —> lungs
2. Systemic or general circulation
   - heart —> throughout body —> heart

Question 16

What are 2 separate parts of the heart divided by?

Answer 16

A solid muscle wall called a cardiac septum

Question 17

What are the largest veins in the body called?

Answer 17

Superior and inferior vena cava

Question 18

Normal body temperature:

Answer 18

98.6*F

Question 19

T/F blood is a fluid connective tissue

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Colour of blood:

Answer 20

Arteries: bright red (except pulmonary artery) (high oxygen)
Veins: dark red (except pulmonary artery) (low oxygen)

Question 21

Components of blood:

Answer 21

1/3 cells

2/3 plasma

Question 22

What are the 3 types of blood cells?

Answer 22

RBC
WBC
platelets

Question 23

Where are RBC formed?

Answer 23

Red bone marrow

Before birth: red bone and spleen marrow

Question 24

What are the functions of RBC?

Answer 24

1. Carry oxygen to cells
2. Carry carbon dioxide away from cells
3. Contains iron

Question 25

Where are WBC formed?

Answer 25

Red bone marrow
Lymph nodes
Spleen

Question 26

What are the functions of WBC?

Answer 26

Body defence by:

1. Phagocytes
2. Antibody formation

Question 27

Where are PLATELETS formed?

Answer 27

Red bone marrow

Question 28

What is the function of platelets?

Answer 28

Blood clotting

Question 29

Blood plasma:

Answer 29

RBC, WBC, and platelets flow in the plasma

Question 30

What are the plasma components?

Answer 30

1. 9/10 water
2. Nutrients
3. Metabolic wastes
4. Respiratory gases
5. Regulatory substances
6. Protective substances

Question 31

Main functions of blood:

Answer 31

• carry water, oxygen, nutrients and secretions to cells of the body
• carry away carbon dioxide and waste products to be eliminated through lungs, skin, kidneys, and large intestine
• help equalize body temperature
• aid in protecting body from harmful bacteria and infections (WBC)
• form clots, preventing blood loss

Question 32

T/F White blood cells are bigger than RBC

Answer 32

True

Question 33

What are the common carotid arteries?

Answer 33

• They are the main source of blood supply to the head, face and neck
• Located on either side of the neck, each one is divided into an internal and external branch