Cardiovascular Flashcards
Ramipril
Drug Class:
Mechanism of action:
Disease action:
Drug Class: ACE inhibitor.
Mechanism of action: Inhibits conversion of angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2 within the renin angiotensin aldosterone system.
Disease Action:Vasodilation (Reduced Peripheral vascular resistance = Reduced BP). Reduced Aldosterone = Reduced Na+ and water retention = reduced blood volume = reduced blood pressure. Prevents inappropriate remodelling of the heart following MI.
Enalapril
Drug Class:
Mechanism of action:
Disease action:
Drug Class: ACE inhibitor.
Mechanism of action: Inhibits conversion of angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2 within the renin angiotensin aldosterone system.
Disease Action:Vasodilation (Reduced Peripheral vascular resistance = Reduced BP). Reduced Aldosterone = Reduced Na+ and water retention = reduced blood volume = reduced blood pressure. Prevents inappropriate remodelling of the heart following MI.
Lisinopril
Drug Class:
Mechanism of action:
Disease action:
Drug Class: ACE inhibitor.
Mechanism of action: Inhibits conversion of angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2 within the renin angiotensin aldosterone system.
Disease Action:Vasodilation (Reduced Peripheral vascular resistance = Reduced BP). Reduced Aldosterone = Reduced Na+ and water retention = reduced blood volume = reduced blood pressure. Prevents inappropriate remodelling of the heart following MI.
Losartan
Drug Class:
Mechanism of action:
Disease action:
Drug Class: Angiotensin 2 receptor antagonist
Mechanism of Action: Blocks action of Angiotensin 2 on its receptors within the angiotensin aldosterone system
Disease Action: Vasodilation resulting in reduced peripheral vascular resistance and reduced after-load. Dilation of afferent glomerular arteriole reducing pressure and CKD progression. Reduction in aldosterone level promoting sodium and water excretion reducing venous return (Preload).
Candesartan Cilexetil
Drug Class:
Mechanism of action:
Disease action:
Drug Class: Angiotensin 2 receptor antagonist
Mechanism of Action: Blocks action of Angiotensin 2 on its receptors within the angiotensin aldosterone system
Disease Action: Vasodilation resulting in reduced peripheral vascular resistance and reduced after-load. Dilation of afferent glomerular arteriole reducing pressure and CKD progression. Reduction in aldosterone level promoting sodium and water excretion reducing venous return (Preload).
Irbesartan
Drug Class:
Mechanism of action:
Disease action:
Drug Class: Angiotensin 2 receptor antagonist
Mechanism of Action: Blocks action of Angiotensin 2 on its receptors within the angiotensin aldosterone system
Disease Action: Vasodilation resulting in reduced peripheral vascular resistance and reduced after-load. Dilation of afferent glomerular arteriole reducing pressure and CKD progression. Reduction in aldosterone level promoting sodium and water excretion reducing venous return (Preload).
Eprosartan
Drug Class:
Mechanism of action:
Disease action:
Drug Class: Angiotensin 2 receptor antagonist
Mechanism of Action: Blocks action of Angiotensin 2 on its receptors within the angiotensin aldosterone system
Disease Action: Vasodilation resulting in reduced peripheral vascular resistance and reduced after-load. Dilation of afferent glomerular arteriole reducing pressure and CKD progression. Reduction in aldosterone level promoting sodium and water excretion reducing venous return (Preload).
Azilsartan Medoxomil
Drug Class:
Mechanism of action:
Disease action:
Drug Class: Angiotensin 2 receptor antagonist
Mechanism of Action: Blocks action of Angiotensin 2 on its receptors within the angiotensin aldosterone system
Disease Action: Vasodilation resulting in reduced peripheral vascular resistance and reduced after-load. Dilation of afferent glomerular arteriole reducing pressure and CKD progression. Reduction in aldosterone level promoting sodium and water excretion reducing venous return (Preload).
Olmesartan Medoxomil
Drug Class:
Mechanism of action:
Disease action:
Drug Class: Angiotensin 2 receptor antagonist
Mechanism of Action: Blocks action of Angiotensin 2 on its receptors within the angiotensin aldosterone system
Disease Action: Vasodilation resulting in reduced peripheral vascular resistance and reduced after-load. Dilation of afferent glomerular arteriole reducing pressure and CKD progression. Reduction in aldosterone level promoting sodium and water excretion reducing venous return (Preload).
Telmisartan
Drug Class:
Mechanism of action:
Disease action:
Drug Class: Angiotensin 2 receptor antagonist
Mechanism of Action: Blocks action of Angiotensin 2 on its receptors within the angiotensin aldosterone system
Disease Action: Vasodilation resulting in reduced peripheral vascular resistance and reduced after-load. Dilation of afferent glomerular arteriole reducing pressure and CKD progression. Reduction in aldosterone level promoting sodium and water excretion reducing venous return (Preload).
Valsartan
Drug Class:
Mechanism of action:
Disease action:
Drug Class: Angiotensin 2 receptor antagonist
Mechanism of Action: Blocks action of Angiotensin 2 on its receptors within the angiotensin aldosterone system
Disease Action: Vasodilation resulting in reduced peripheral vascular resistance and reduced after-load. Dilation of afferent glomerular arteriole reducing pressure and CKD progression. Reduction in aldosterone level promoting sodium and water excretion reducing venous return (Preload).
ACE inhibitors should be avoided in patients with:
Renal Artery Stenosis
Acute Kidney Injury
In women who are, or could become pregnant; and those breastfeeding
Potassium elevating drugs already prescribed including potassium supplements. and potassium sparing diuretics
Stage 1 hypertension is defined as:
BP > 140/90
Stage 2 hypertension is defined as:
BP > 160/100
Stage 3 hypertension is defined as:
BP > 180/110