Cardiovascular Flashcards
What are the two endocrine functions of the cardiovascular system?
ANP ( atrial natriuretic peptide)
BNP (B-type natriuretic peptide)
The muscular pump circulates how much blood per minute?
5-6 liters
Cardiac muscle is muscle with __________ striations
Cross
Individual cells in the heart are connected by what?
Intercalated discs
The intercalated discs of the heart allow the heart to do what?
Contract with synchronization (syncytium)
What allows the passage of ions between myocytes?
Gap junctions
The passage of ions trough the gap junctions of the heart allow for what?
Action potentials
During the resting stage of contraction the is more of what ions on the outside?
On the inside?
Na and Ca
K
What phase is there a rapid influx of Na into the cardiac monocytes which allows depolarization?
Phase 0
What is occurring with the ions during phase 1 of cardiac muscle contraction?
Stop of Na influx and K efflux
Phase 2 is also known as?
There is a influx of what ion?
Plateau phase
Ca
The majority of repolariation occurs during what phase of cardiac muscle contraction
Phase 3
The absolute refractory occurs during what phases of cardiac muscle contraction?
Phase 1 - mid phase 3
Sustained muscle contraction of the heart is known as?
Tetany
Cardiac output is directly proportional to what?
This is known as what law?
Venous return
Frank Starling law
