Cardiovascular Flashcards
1
Q
What are the 2 types of cardiac disease?
A
Congenital - present at birth
Acquired - develops overtime/throughout life
2
Q
What is mitral valve disease?
A
- Occurs when the mitral valve undergoes a degenerative change, thickening and becomes floppier
- Often associated with a heart murmur
- Caused by faulty heart valve
3
Q
What are the clinical signs of mitral valve disease?
A
- Heart murmur
- Coughing
- Low energy
- Breathing quicker
- Weight loss
- Collapse/fainting
4
Q
What breeds are usually affected by mitral valve disease?
A
- CKCS
- Dachshund
- Papillon
- Poodle
- Chihuahua
5
Q
What medications are used to treat mitral valve disease?
A
- Inodilators (pimobendan):
- Diuretics (furosemide & spirionlactone)
- ACE inhibitors (benazepril)
6
Q
What do inodilators do?
A
helps the heart beat more effectively
7
Q
What do diuretics do for MVD?
A
Help remove fluid from the lungs
8
Q
What do ACE inhibitors do for MVD?
A
Makes it easier for the heart to pump blood around the body
9
Q
At what age is MVD usually detected in animals?
A
- Usually at around the age of 10-11 years old
- Can be as early as 1-5 years old
10
Q
What are the surgical approaches to MVD?
A
- Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair (TEER)
- Open surgical mitral valve repair
- Commissural annuloplasty (CAP)
- Semi-circular suture annuloplasty (SAP)
- Median sternotomy
- Right thoracotomy
11
Q
What is Dilated Cardiomyopathy?
A
- Enlargement of the heart chambers
- Heart muscle is unable to contract effectively and the “pump” fails
12
Q
What are the clinical signs of Dilated Cardiomyopathy?
A
- Anorexia, weight loss
- Reduced exercise tolerance
- Lethargy
- Slow CRT
- Heart murmur & tachycardia
- Arrhythmias
- Sudden death
- Ascites
13
Q
What breeds are usually affected by DCM?
A
- Dobermans
- Irish wolfhounds
- Great Danes
- Newfoundlands
- Boxer
14
Q
A
