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BIO100 unit 3 -- cardiovascular + lymphatic/immune > cardiovascular > Flashcards

cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

a-, an-

A

absence of, without, not

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2
Q

aniso-

A

unequal, dissimilar

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3
Q

bi-

A

two, twice, double

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4
Q

brady-

A

slow

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5
Q

endo-

A

in, within

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6
Q

epi-

A

on, upon, above

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7
Q

extra-

A

outside, outward

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8
Q

hyper-

A

above, excessive

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9
Q

hypo-

A

below, deficient, under

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10
Q

inter-

A

between

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11
Q

micro-

A

small

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12
Q

macro-

A

large

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13
Q

mono-

A

one

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14
Q

pan-

A

all

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15
Q

peri-

A

surrounding, around

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16
Q

poly-

A

many, much

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17
Q

pro-

A

before

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18
Q

tachy-

A

fast, rapid

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19
Q

trans-

A

through, across

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20
Q

tri-

A

three

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21
Q

-ac, -al, -ar, -ic, -ous

A

pertaining to

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22
Q

-apheresis

A

removal

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23
Q

-cardia

A

condition of the heart

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24
Q

-centesis

A

surgical puncture to aspirate fluid

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25
Q

-cyte

A

cell

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26
Q

-ectomy

A

excision, surgical removal

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27
Q

-emia

A

in the blood, blood condition

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28
Q

-gen

A

substance or agent that produces, creates, or forms

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29
Q

-genic

A

creating, producing, causing

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30
Q

-globin

A

protein

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31
Q

-gram

A

record, radiographic image

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32
Q

-graph

A

record, instrument used to record

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33
Q

-graphy

A

process of recording, radiographic imaging

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34
Q

-ia

A

condition, abnormal state

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35
Q

-ist

A

specialist

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36
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

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37
Q

-logist

A

specialist in the study of

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38
Q

-logy

A

study of

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39
Q

-lysis

A

destruction, separation, dissolution, loosening

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40
Q

-megaly

A

enlargement

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41
Q

-oid

A

resembling

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42
Q

-oma

A

tumor, mass

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43
Q

-osis

A

abnormal condition, increased number (in blood)

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44
Q

-pathy

A

disease

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45
Q

-penia

A

abnormal reduction in number, deficiency

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46
Q

-pexy

A

surgical fixation (of an organ)

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47
Q

-phil

A

attraction for

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48
Q

-phobia

A

aversion, fear

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49
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

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50
Q

-poiesis

A

formation

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51
Q

-rrhage, -rrhagia

A

bursting forth, excessive flow

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52
Q

-rrhaphy

A

suture, repair

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53
Q

-rrhexis

A

rupture

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54
Q

-sclerosis

A

hardening

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55
Q

-scope

A

instrument for viewing or visual examination

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56
Q

-scopy

A

process of viewing/visual examination

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57
Q

-stasis

A

stopping, standing still

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58
Q

-stenosis

A

narrowing, constriction

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59
Q

-stomy

A

formation of an opening

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60
Q

-tion

A

process of

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61
Q

-tomy

A

incision

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62
Q

agglutin/o

A

clumping, gluing

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63
Q

angi/o, vascul/o

A

vessel

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64
Q

aort/o

A

aorta

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65
Q

arteri/o

A

artery

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66
Q

ather/o

A

fatty plaque

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67
Q

atri/o

A

atrium

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68
Q

blast/o

A

young, immature, embryonic cell

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69
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

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70
Q

chrom/o

A

color

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71
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

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72
Q

cyt/o

A

cell

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73
Q

ech/o

A

sound

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74
Q

electr/o

A

electricity

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75
Q

embol/o

A

embolus

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76
Q

erythr/o

A

red

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77
Q

gluc/o, glucos/o, glyc/o, glycos/o

A

sugar

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78
Q

hem/o, hemat/o

A

blood

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79
Q

hemangi/o

A

blood vessel

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80
Q

isch/o

A

blockage

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81
Q

leuk/o

A

white

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82
Q

lip/o, lipid/o

A

fat

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83
Q

my/o

A

muscle

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84
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow, spinal cord

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85
Q

nucle/o

A

nucleus

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86
Q

phag/o

A

eating

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87
Q

phleb/o, ven/o

A

vein

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88
Q

plasm/o

A

plasma

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89
Q

poikil/o

A

varied, irregular

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90
Q

scler/o

A

hardening

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91
Q

sept/o

A

septum

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92
Q

ser/o

A

serum

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93
Q

sider/o

A

iron

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94
Q

sphygm/o

A

pulse

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95
Q

sten/o

A

narrowing

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96
Q

steth/o

A

chest

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97
Q

symptomat/o

A

symptom

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98
Q

therm/o

A

heat

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99
Q

thromb/o

A

clot

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100
Q

valv/o, valvul/o

A

valve

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101
Q

ventricul/o

A

ventricle

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102
Q

ACS

A

acute coronary syndrome

103
Q

HDN

A

hemolytic disease of the newborn

104
Q

AFib

A

atrial fibrillation

105
Q

HF

A

heart failure

106
Q

aPTT

A

activated partial thromboplastin time

107
Q

HgB

A

hemoglobin

108
Q

AV

A

atrioventricular

109
Q

HHD

A

hypertensive heart disease

110
Q

BP

A

blood pressure

111
Q

HTN

A

hypertension

112
Q

CABG

A

coronary artery bypass graft

113
Q

IV

A

intravenous

114
Q

CAD

A

coronary artery disease

115
Q

MI

A

myocardial infarction

116
Q

CBC and Diff

A

complete blood count and differential

117
Q

mm Hg

A

millimeters of Mercury

118
Q

CHF

A

congestive heart failure

119
Q

MVP

A

mitral valve prolapse

120
Q

CPK

A

creatine phosphokinase

121
Q

PAD

A

peripheral artery disease

122
Q

CPR

A

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

123
Q

PT

A

prothrombin time

124
Q

DVT

A

deep vein thrombosis (clot in lower legs)

125
Q

RBC

A

red blood cell

126
Q

Rh

A

rhesus (factor)

127
Q

ECG, EKG

A

electrocardiogram

128
Q

VSD

A

ventricular septal defect

129
Q

ECHO

A

echocardiogram

130
Q

WBC

A

white blood cell

131
Q

Hct

A

hematocrit

132
Q

HTN

A

hypertension

133
Q

ABO groups

A

blood types (A, B, AB, O)

134
Q

ascites

A

accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity

135
Q

acute inflammation

A

inflammation occurring for a limited time period; rapidly developing

136
Q

anemia

A

decreased amount of circulating red blood cells, hemoglobin, or packed red blood cells

137
Q

aneurysm

A

weakening of the wall of a blood vessel causing it to thin and balloon out and possibly burst resulting in internal bleeding

138
Q

angina pectoris

A

chest pain

139
Q

angiogram

A

an x-ray of the coronary blood vessels using a special catheter and an injection of dye

140
Q

anticoagulants

A

drugs used to prevent blood clot formation

141
Q

antigens

A

a substance that provokes an immune response

142
Q

antihypertensives

A

class of medications used to treat high blood pressure

143
Q

apoptosis

A

programmed cell death

144
Q

arrhythmias

A

absence of a regular heart rhythm

145
Q

arteries

A

blood vessels that transport blood away from the heart

146
Q

arterioles

A

a very small artery that leads to a capillary

147
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

hardening of arteries

148
Q

asymptomatic

A

pertaining to without symptoms

149
Q

atherosclerosis

A

a hardening of the arteries that involves the accumulation of plaque

150
Q

auscultation

A

listening to the heart using a stethoscope

151
Q

autotransfusion

A

self transfusion, transfusion using blood from self

152
Q

AV

A

atrioventricular: the area of the heart where the atria and ventricles meet

153
Q

AV valves

A

mitral (bicuspid) valve allows blood to flow from left atrium to left ventricle, tricuspid valve allows blood to flow from right atrium to right ventricle

154
Q

blood typing

A

blood test to determine blood type and Rh factor

155
Q

bone marrow

A

tissue found inside bones, the site of all blood cell differentiation and maturation of b lymphocytes

156
Q

brachial artery

A

large artery in the upper arm near the biceps muscle

157
Q

bradycardia

A

pertaining to slow heart rate

158
Q

capillary

A

a microscopic channel that supplies blood to the tissues through perfusion

159
Q

cardiac output

A

blood flow from the heart through the ventricles

160
Q

cardiac troponin

A

the regulatory protein for muscle contraction

161
Q

cardiogenic

A

originating from the heart

162
Q

carotid artery

A

a large artery in the neck

163
Q

centrifuge

A

used to spin test tubes at a high speed to separate components in a liquid by weight

164
Q

chemoreceptors

A

cells that sense changes in chemical levels

165
Q

chemotaxis

A

movement in response to chemicals

166
Q

cirrhosis

A

chronic degenerative liver disease

167
Q

compliance

A

the ability of the blood vessels to dilate and constrict as needed

168
Q

congenital

A

present at birth

169
Q

coronary heart disease

A

the blood vessels that supply blood to the myocardium become hardened and narrowed

170
Q

corpuscle

A

blood cell

171
Q

creatine kinase MB

A

an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of creatine to phosphocreatine, consuming ATP

172
Q

CT

A

computerized tomography: a special 3D x-ray also called CAT

173
Q

cyanosis

A

abnormal condition of blue (bluish color, lips and nail beds); typically caused by low oxygenation

174
Q

diabetes mellitus

A

an endocrine system disorder in which the pancreas does not produce insulin, or the cells of the body do not respond to insulin

175
Q

diapedesis

A

to leap through (dia- = through, -pedan = to leap)

176
Q

diaphoresis

A

sweating

177
Q

diastolic pressure

A

the lower value that represents arterial pressure of blood during ventricular relaxation

178
Q

ductus arteriosus

A

connection between pulmonary trunk and aorta in the fetal heart

179
Q

dyspnea

A

difficult breathing

180
Q

ECG

A

a recording of the electrical impulses in the heart

181
Q

echocardiography

A

process of using sound to record the heart

182
Q

electrocardiograph

A

instrument used to record electrical activity within the heart

183
Q

embolus

A

a freely moving piece of substance that travels through the circulation until it blocks a smaller blood vessel

184
Q

endothelium

A

the lining of the lumen of a blood vessel

185
Q

epiphyses

A

the ends of long bones

186
Q

erythrocytes

A

red blood cells

187
Q

extramedullary hematopoiesis

A

outside of the medullary cavity of adult bones

188
Q

foramen ovale

A

opening between right and left atria, which is normal in the fetal heart

189
Q

great vessels

A

include the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, aorta, and pulmonary trunk

190
Q

HDL

A

high-density lipoprotein, often referred to as “good” cholesterol

191
Q

heart murmur

A

an abnormal heart sound

192
Q

heart rate

A

the number of times the heart contracts in one minute

193
Q

hematocrit

A

lab test that measures the percentage of RBCs in a sample of whole blood

194
Q

hemolysis

A

breaking apart of the erythrocyte cell membrane

195
Q

hemopoiesis

A

blood production

196
Q

hemorrhage

A

excessive or uncontrolled bleeding from the blood vessels

197
Q

hemorrhoids

A

varicose veins in the rectum

198
Q

hemostasis

A

the process by which the body seals a ruptured blood vessel

199
Q

homeostasis

A

biological process that results in stable equilibrium

200
Q

hypercholesterolemia

A

higher than normal levels of cholesterol in the blood

201
Q

hyperlipidemia

A

excessive fat in the blood

202
Q

hypertension

A

high blood pressure

203
Q

hypotension

A

low blood pressure

204
Q

hypovolemic

A

lower than normal volume of blood in the body

205
Q

hypoxemia

A

low blood oxygen levels

206
Q

hypoxia

A

lower than normal amount of oxygen to tissues

207
Q

inferior vena cava

A

carries deoxygenated blood from the torso and legs back to the heart

208
Q

interatrial septum

A

the wall separating the right and left atria

209
Q

intercellular

A

between cells

210
Q

interstitial

A

between cells of the tissues, often used interchangeably with intercellular

211
Q

interstitial fluid

A

fluid that has leaked out of blood capillaries into the tissue spaces

212
Q

interstitial space

A

spaces between individual cells in the tissues

213
Q

interventricular septum

A

the wall of myocardium that separates the right and left ventricles

214
Q

intracellular

A

inside the cell membrane or within the cell

215
Q

ischemic

A

condition in which cells receive insufficient amounts of blood and oxygen

216
Q

LDL

A

low-density lipoprotein, often referred to as “bad” cholesterol

217
Q

leukemia

A

cancer of white blood cells resulting in increased amounts of immature/abnormal white blood cells

218
Q

leukocytes

A

white blood cells

219
Q

medulla oblongata

A

part of the brain stem responsible for control of heart rate and breathing

220
Q

mitral valve

A

AKA bicuspid valve

221
Q

MRI

A

magnetic resonance imaging: highly detailed images produced using a strong magnet and radio waves

222
Q

neutrophil

A

phagocytic white blood cell recruited from the bloodstream to the site of infection via the bloodstream

223
Q

pacemaker

A

an electronic implant that initiates a heartbeat

224
Q

palpitations

A

a feeling in the chest that may be caused by an irregular heart rhythm

225
Q

perfusion

A

the delivery of blood to an area/tissue/organ

226
Q

pericardial fluid

A

a serous fluid which allows the 2 layers of serous pericardium to slide smoothly against each other as the heart beats

227
Q

peripheral arterial disease

A

the obstruction of vessels in peripheral regions of the body

228
Q

pH

A

a measure of how acidic or basic something is

229
Q

placenta

A

the organ of gas and nutrient exchange between the baby and mother

230
Q

plaque

A

a fatty material including cholesterol, connective tissue, WBCs, and some smooth muscle cells

231
Q

plasma cells

A

a type of B lymphocyte that produces antibodies which bind to specific foreign or abnormal antigens to destroy them

232
Q

pneumothorax

A

an excessive amount of air is present in the thoracic cavity outside of the lungs

233
Q

polycythemia

A

a disorder in which too many RBCs are produced

234
Q

polycythemia vera

A

a type of bone marrow disease that causes excessive production of immature erythrocytes

235
Q

pulmonary embolism

A

a piece of a blood clot has broken free and lodged into a smaller vessel in the lungs

236
Q

pulmonary trunk

A

very large artery referred to as a trunk, a term indicating that the vessel gives rise to several smaller arteries

237
Q

serous

A

membranes throughout the body that are folded back on themselves resulting in a double-layered membrane separated by serous fluid

238
Q

sickle cell disease

A

a genetic disorder involving the production of an abnormal type of hemoglobin which delivers less oxygen to tissues

239
Q

sinus rhythm

A

the rhythm set by the heart’s pacemaker, the sinoatrial node and is usually 60-90 BPM in a resting adult

240
Q

sphygmomanometer

A

a blood pressure cuff attached to a gauge

241
Q

superior vena cava

A

carries deoxygenated blood from the head and upper extremities back to the heart

242
Q

syncope

A

fainting, partial or complete loss of consciousness due to decreased blood supply to the brain

243
Q

systolic pressure

A

the higher value that reflects the arterial pressure resulting from the ejection of blood during ventricular contraction

244
Q

tachycardia

A

condition of a fast heart rate

245
Q

thrombocytes

A

AKA platelets, cell fragments that aid in blood clotting

246
Q

thrombocytosis

A

a condition in which there are too many platelets

247
Q

thrombosis

A

formation of unwanted blood clots

248
Q

thymocytes

A

lymphocytes that develop into T cells in the thymus gland

249
Q

transfusion

A

infusion of blood for therapeutic purposes

250
Q

vasoconstrict

A

the smooth muscle layer in the blood vessel wall contracts causing it to narrow

251
Q

vasodilate

A

the smooth muscle layer in the blood vessel wall relaxes causing it to widen

252
Q

vein

A

blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart

253
Q

venules

A

extremely small veins

254
Q

viscosity

A

thickness of fluids that affects their ability to flow

BIO100 unit 3 -- cardiovascular + lymphatic/immune (2 decks)

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