cardiovascular Flashcards
1
Q
a-, an-
A
absence of, without, not
2
Q
aniso-
A
unequal, dissimilar
3
Q
bi-
A
two, twice, double
4
Q
brady-
A
slow
5
Q
endo-
A
in, within
6
Q
epi-
A
on, upon, above
7
Q
extra-
A
outside, outward
8
Q
hyper-
A
above, excessive
9
Q
hypo-
A
below, deficient, under
10
Q
inter-
A
between
11
Q
micro-
A
small
12
Q
macro-
A
large
13
Q
mono-
A
one
14
Q
pan-
A
all
15
Q
peri-
A
surrounding, around
16
Q
poly-
A
many, much
17
Q
pro-
A
before
18
Q
tachy-
A
fast, rapid
19
Q
trans-
A
through, across
20
Q
tri-
A
three
21
Q
-ac, -al, -ar, -ic, -ous
A
pertaining to
22
Q
-apheresis
A
removal
23
Q
-cardia
A
condition of the heart
24
Q
-centesis
A
surgical puncture to aspirate fluid
25
-cyte
cell
26
-ectomy
excision, surgical removal
27
-emia
in the blood, blood condition
28
-gen
substance or agent that produces, creates, or forms
29
-genic
creating, producing, causing
30
-globin
protein
31
-gram
record, radiographic image
32
-graph
record, instrument used to record
33
-graphy
process of recording, radiographic imaging
34
-ia
condition, abnormal state
35
-ist
specialist
36
-itis
inflammation
37
-logist
specialist in the study of
38
-logy
study of
39
-lysis
destruction, separation, dissolution, loosening
40
-megaly
enlargement
41
-oid
resembling
42
-oma
tumor, mass
43
-osis
abnormal condition, increased number (in blood)
44
-pathy
disease
45
-penia
abnormal reduction in number, deficiency
46
-pexy
surgical fixation (of an organ)
47
-phil
attraction for
48
-phobia
aversion, fear
49
-plasty
surgical repair
50
-poiesis
formation
51
-rrhage, -rrhagia
bursting forth, excessive flow
52
-rrhaphy
suture, repair
53
-rrhexis
rupture
54
-sclerosis
hardening
55
-scope
instrument for viewing or visual examination
56
-scopy
process of viewing/visual examination
57
-stasis
stopping, standing still
58
-stenosis
narrowing, constriction
59
-stomy
formation of an opening
60
-tion
process of
61
-tomy
incision
62
agglutin/o
clumping, gluing
63
angi/o, vascul/o
vessel
64
aort/o
aorta
65
arteri/o
artery
66
ather/o
fatty plaque
67
atri/o
atrium
68
blast/o
young, immature, embryonic cell
69
cardi/o
heart
70
chrom/o
color
71
cyan/o
blue
72
cyt/o
cell
73
ech/o
sound
74
electr/o
electricity
75
embol/o
embolus
76
erythr/o
red
77
gluc/o, glucos/o, glyc/o, glycos/o
sugar
78
hem/o, hemat/o
blood
79
hemangi/o
blood vessel
80
isch/o
blockage
81
leuk/o
white
82
lip/o, lipid/o
fat
83
my/o
muscle
84
myel/o
bone marrow, spinal cord
85
nucle/o
nucleus
86
phag/o
eating
87
phleb/o, ven/o
vein
88
plasm/o
plasma
89
poikil/o
varied, irregular
90
scler/o
hardening
91
sept/o
septum
92
ser/o
serum
93
sider/o
iron
94
sphygm/o
pulse
95
sten/o
narrowing
96
steth/o
chest
97
symptomat/o
symptom
98
therm/o
heat
99
thromb/o
clot
100
valv/o, valvul/o
valve
101
ventricul/o
ventricle
102
ACS
acute coronary syndrome
103
HDN
hemolytic disease of the newborn
104
AFib
atrial fibrillation
105
HF
heart failure
106
aPTT
activated partial thromboplastin time
107
HgB
hemoglobin
108
AV
atrioventricular
109
HHD
hypertensive heart disease
110
BP
blood pressure
111
HTN
hypertension
112
CABG
coronary artery bypass graft
113
IV
intravenous
114
CAD
coronary artery disease
115
MI
myocardial infarction
116
CBC and Diff
complete blood count and differential
117
mm Hg
millimeters of Mercury
118
CHF
congestive heart failure
119
MVP
mitral valve prolapse
120
CPK
creatine phosphokinase
121
PAD
peripheral artery disease
122
CPR
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
123
PT
prothrombin time
124
DVT
deep vein thrombosis (clot in lower legs)
125
RBC
red blood cell
126
Rh
rhesus (factor)
127
ECG, EKG
electrocardiogram
128
VSD
ventricular septal defect
129
ECHO
echocardiogram
130
WBC
white blood cell
131
Hct
hematocrit
132
HTN
hypertension
133
ABO groups
blood types (A, B, AB, O)
134
ascites
accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity
135
acute inflammation
inflammation occurring for a limited time period; rapidly developing
136
anemia
decreased amount of circulating red blood cells, hemoglobin, or packed red blood cells
137
aneurysm
weakening of the wall of a blood vessel causing it to thin and balloon out and possibly burst resulting in internal bleeding
138
angina pectoris
chest pain
139
angiogram
an x-ray of the coronary blood vessels using a special catheter and an injection of dye
140
anticoagulants
drugs used to prevent blood clot formation
141
antigens
a substance that provokes an immune response
142
antihypertensives
class of medications used to treat high blood pressure
143
apoptosis
programmed cell death
144
arrhythmias
absence of a regular heart rhythm
145
arteries
blood vessels that transport blood away from the heart
146
arterioles
a very small artery that leads to a capillary
147
arteriosclerosis
hardening of arteries
148
asymptomatic
pertaining to without symptoms
149
atherosclerosis
a hardening of the arteries that involves the accumulation of plaque
150
auscultation
listening to the heart using a stethoscope
151
autotransfusion
self transfusion, transfusion using blood from self
152
AV
atrioventricular: the area of the heart where the atria and ventricles meet
153
AV valves
mitral (bicuspid) valve allows blood to flow from left atrium to left ventricle, tricuspid valve allows blood to flow from right atrium to right ventricle
154
blood typing
blood test to determine blood type and Rh factor
155
bone marrow
tissue found inside bones, the site of all blood cell differentiation and maturation of b lymphocytes
156
brachial artery
large artery in the upper arm near the biceps muscle
157
bradycardia
pertaining to slow heart rate
158
capillary
a microscopic channel that supplies blood to the tissues through perfusion
159
cardiac output
blood flow from the heart through the ventricles
160
cardiac troponin
the regulatory protein for muscle contraction
161
cardiogenic
originating from the heart
162
carotid artery
a large artery in the neck
163
centrifuge
used to spin test tubes at a high speed to separate components in a liquid by weight
164
chemoreceptors
cells that sense changes in chemical levels
165
chemotaxis
movement in response to chemicals
166
cirrhosis
chronic degenerative liver disease
167
compliance
the ability of the blood vessels to dilate and constrict as needed
168
congenital
present at birth
169
coronary heart disease
the blood vessels that supply blood to the myocardium become hardened and narrowed
170
corpuscle
blood cell
171
creatine kinase MB
an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of creatine to phosphocreatine, consuming ATP
172
CT
computerized tomography: a special 3D x-ray also called CAT
173
cyanosis
abnormal condition of blue (bluish color, lips and nail beds); typically caused by low oxygenation
174
diabetes mellitus
an endocrine system disorder in which the pancreas does not produce insulin, or the cells of the body do not respond to insulin
175
diapedesis
to leap through (dia- = through, -pedan = to leap)
176
diaphoresis
sweating
177
diastolic pressure
the lower value that represents arterial pressure of blood during ventricular relaxation
178
ductus arteriosus
connection between pulmonary trunk and aorta in the fetal heart
179
dyspnea
difficult breathing
180
ECG
a recording of the electrical impulses in the heart
181
echocardiography
process of using sound to record the heart
182
electrocardiograph
instrument used to record electrical activity within the heart
183
embolus
a freely moving piece of substance that travels through the circulation until it blocks a smaller blood vessel
184
endothelium
the lining of the lumen of a blood vessel
185
epiphyses
the ends of long bones
186
erythrocytes
red blood cells
187
extramedullary hematopoiesis
outside of the medullary cavity of adult bones
188
foramen ovale
opening between right and left atria, which is normal in the fetal heart
189
great vessels
include the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, aorta, and pulmonary trunk
190
HDL
high-density lipoprotein, often referred to as "good" cholesterol
191
heart murmur
an abnormal heart sound
192
heart rate
the number of times the heart contracts in one minute
193
hematocrit
lab test that measures the percentage of RBCs in a sample of whole blood
194
hemolysis
breaking apart of the erythrocyte cell membrane
195
hemopoiesis
blood production
196
hemorrhage
excessive or uncontrolled bleeding from the blood vessels
197
hemorrhoids
varicose veins in the rectum
198
hemostasis
the process by which the body seals a ruptured blood vessel
199
homeostasis
biological process that results in stable equilibrium
200
hypercholesterolemia
higher than normal levels of cholesterol in the blood
201
hyperlipidemia
excessive fat in the blood
202
hypertension
high blood pressure
203
hypotension
low blood pressure
204
hypovolemic
lower than normal volume of blood in the body
205
hypoxemia
low blood oxygen levels
206
hypoxia
lower than normal amount of oxygen to tissues
207
inferior vena cava
carries deoxygenated blood from the torso and legs back to the heart
208
interatrial septum
the wall separating the right and left atria
209
intercellular
between cells
210
interstitial
between cells of the tissues, often used interchangeably with intercellular
211
interstitial fluid
fluid that has leaked out of blood capillaries into the tissue spaces
212
interstitial space
spaces between individual cells in the tissues
213
interventricular septum
the wall of myocardium that separates the right and left ventricles
214
intracellular
inside the cell membrane or within the cell
215
ischemic
condition in which cells receive insufficient amounts of blood and oxygen
216
LDL
low-density lipoprotein, often referred to as "bad" cholesterol
217
leukemia
cancer of white blood cells resulting in increased amounts of immature/abnormal white blood cells
218
leukocytes
white blood cells
219
medulla oblongata
part of the brain stem responsible for control of heart rate and breathing
220
mitral valve
AKA bicuspid valve
221
MRI
magnetic resonance imaging: highly detailed images produced using a strong magnet and radio waves
222
neutrophil
phagocytic white blood cell recruited from the bloodstream to the site of infection via the bloodstream
223
pacemaker
an electronic implant that initiates a heartbeat
224
palpitations
a feeling in the chest that may be caused by an irregular heart rhythm
225
perfusion
the delivery of blood to an area/tissue/organ
226
pericardial fluid
a serous fluid which allows the 2 layers of serous pericardium to slide smoothly against each other as the heart beats
227
peripheral arterial disease
the obstruction of vessels in peripheral regions of the body
228
pH
a measure of how acidic or basic something is
229
placenta
the organ of gas and nutrient exchange between the baby and mother
230
plaque
a fatty material including cholesterol, connective tissue, WBCs, and some smooth muscle cells
231
plasma cells
a type of B lymphocyte that produces antibodies which bind to specific foreign or abnormal antigens to destroy them
232
pneumothorax
an excessive amount of air is present in the thoracic cavity outside of the lungs
233
polycythemia
a disorder in which too many RBCs are produced
234
polycythemia vera
a type of bone marrow disease that causes excessive production of immature erythrocytes
235
pulmonary embolism
a piece of a blood clot has broken free and lodged into a smaller vessel in the lungs
236
pulmonary trunk
very large artery referred to as a trunk, a term indicating that the vessel gives rise to several smaller arteries
237
serous
membranes throughout the body that are folded back on themselves resulting in a double-layered membrane separated by serous fluid
238
sickle cell disease
a genetic disorder involving the production of an abnormal type of hemoglobin which delivers less oxygen to tissues
239
sinus rhythm
the rhythm set by the heart's pacemaker, the sinoatrial node and is usually 60-90 BPM in a resting adult
240
sphygmomanometer
a blood pressure cuff attached to a gauge
241
superior vena cava
carries deoxygenated blood from the head and upper extremities back to the heart
242
syncope
fainting, partial or complete loss of consciousness due to decreased blood supply to the brain
243
systolic pressure
the higher value that reflects the arterial pressure resulting from the ejection of blood during ventricular contraction
244
tachycardia
condition of a fast heart rate
245
thrombocytes
AKA platelets, cell fragments that aid in blood clotting
246
thrombocytosis
a condition in which there are too many platelets
247
thrombosis
formation of unwanted blood clots
248
thymocytes
lymphocytes that develop into T cells in the thymus gland
249
transfusion
infusion of blood for therapeutic purposes
250
vasoconstrict
the smooth muscle layer in the blood vessel wall contracts causing it to narrow
251
vasodilate
the smooth muscle layer in the blood vessel wall relaxes causing it to widen
252
vein
blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
253
venules
extremely small veins
254
viscosity
thickness of fluids that affects their ability to flow
