Cardiovascular Flashcards
The type of circulation from the left ventricle of the heart back to the right atrium is called the __________________circulation.
Systemic
The venous system of pulmonary circulation carries ____________ blood.
Oxygenated
The component of vasculature with the highest resistance are the ______________
Arterioles
________________ have the largest total cross-sectional and surface area among the blood vessels where actual exchange happens.
Capillary
The ____________ of the blood flow is directly proportional to the blood flow and inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area.
Velocity
Resistance is further affected by the following factors: vessel diameter, vessel length, and ________________.
Blood viscosity
The ________________________ is the highest arterial pressure during a cardiac cycle.
systolic pressure
In normal ECG, the ventricular repolarization happens during the _____________
T wave
Aside from sodium and potassium ions, _______ ions play a vital role in the action potential of cardiac muscles.
CA+
The distinct features at the end of the myocardial cells which maintain cell to cell cohesion are called the __________________________________
Intercalated disk
In the atrial pressure curve, the _______________ is when the volume increases as blood is received from SVC, IVC, and pulmonary veins.
V-wave
______________________ volume is the term used for the volume of the blood in the ventricles after filling. This volume is about 110-120mL.
End diastolic
In the left ventricular pressure-volume loop, the ________________ opens at the end of phase II.
Aortic valve
The __________ is the degree of tension in the muscle when it begins to contract. It is directly affected by the volume.
preload
The sympathetic nervous system affects the ________________ as one of the factors under stroke volume.
contractibility
Among the 3 identified factors affecting the total peripheral resistance, the factor that is inversely proportional is the ____________ of the arteries.
radius
The __________________ are receptors of pressure through stretch of vessels found in the carotid sinus and the aortic arch.
baroreceptors
The substance released by the kidneys upon detection of low blood pressure is ___________.
renin
Capillary hydrostatic pressure are tissue fluid oncotic pressure favors ____________ of substances in the microcirculation.
Filtration
The ___________________
Lymphatic system is the alternative pathway for excess tissue fluids.
