Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Key facts Phase 2a > Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

1st line investigation for stable angina, unstable angina and myocardial infarction

A

12-lead ECG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Gold investigation for stable angina

A

CT coronary angiogram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ECG findings of stable angina

A

Normal or ST depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ECG findings of STEMI

A

ST elevation in 2 continuous leads OR new left bundle branch block

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ECG findings of NSTEMI

A

ST depression or T wave inversion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

ECG changes in V1-V4 corresponds to which arterial region

A

Left anterior descending

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

ECG changes in Lead I, aVL, V5 and V6 correspond to which vascular region

A

Left circumflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

ECG changes in Lead II, Lead III and aVF correspond to which vascular region

A

Right coronary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

GOLD treatment for STEMI

A

Angiography and PCI if presenting within 12hrs and treatment available within 120 mins OR fibrinolysis if PCI not available within 120 mins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Preventative medication for stable angina

A

Beta blocker, calcium channel blocker (amlodipine), ACEi (ramipril), antiplatelet, statins, nitrates (GTN)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Initial treatment of unstable angina/MI

A

MONA
Morphine
Oxygen (<94%)
Nitrates
Aspirin 300mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Secondary prevention for unstable angina and MI

A

Antiplatelet (clopidogrel or ticagrelor)
Beta blocker (propanolol)
Statin
ACEi (ramipril)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

1st line antihypertensive drug for T2DM, <55y/o and not Black or Afro-Caribbean

A

ACEi (ramipril) or ARB (candersartan)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

2nd line antihypertensive drug for T2DM, <55y/o and not Black or Afro-Caribbean

A

Add CCB (amlodipine) or thiazide-like diuretic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

1st line antihypertensive drug for >55y/o and Black or Afro-Caribbean

A

CCB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

2nd line antihypertensive drug for >55y/o and Black or Afro-Caribbean

A

ACEi (ramipril)/ARB (candersartan) or thiazide-like diuretic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

ACEi (ramipril) side effect

A

Cough -> change to ARB (candersartan)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

1st line investigation for heart failure

A

Brain natriuretic peptide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

GOLD investigation for heart failure

A

Echocardiogram

20
Q

CXR findings of heart failure

A

Alveolar oedema (bat wings)
Kerly B lines (interstitial oedema)
Cardiomegaly
Dilated prominent upper lobe vessels
Pleural effusion

20
Q

GOLD investigation of heart failure

21
Q

Treatment of heart failure

A

Diuretics (furosemide)
ACEi (ramipril)/ARB (candersartan)
Beta blocker
Digoxin

22
Q

ECG changes in AF

A

Absent p waves and irregularly irregular QRS

23
Q

Tool to predict risk of stroke

A

CHADVASc score

24
1st line treatment in AF (rate and rhythm control)
Beta blocker
25
ECG changes in atrial flutter
regular sawtooth-like atrial flutter between QRS complexes
26
Rhythm control for AF
Amiodarone or electrical cardioversion (defibrillator)
27
ECG changes in Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome
Delta wave - slurred upstroke on QRS
28
1st line Wolf-Parkinson-White treatment
Valsava manoeuvre or carotid sinus massage
29
GOLD treatment for Wolf-Parkinson-White
Radiofrequency ablation of accessory pathway
30
Criteria for infective endocarditis
Duke's
31
1st line investigation of infective endocarditis
Blood cultures - 3 sets from different sites over 24hrs before commencing antibiotics
32
GOLD investigation for infective endocarditis
Trans-oesophageal echocardiogram
33
ECG changes of pericarditis
Saddle-shaped ST elevation (widespread)
34
1st degree AV block ECG
All P waves followed by ventricular conduction but delayed
35
Mobitz I block ECG
PR intervals become progressively longer until P wave is dropped and not followed by QRS complex
36
Mobitz II block ECG
Constant long PR intervals and P wave not followed by QRS complex
37
3rd degree block ECG
P waves completely independent of QRS complexes
38
1st line investigation for aortic aneurysm
Ultrasonography
39
GOLD investigation of aortic dissection
CT scan
40
GOLd treatment of aortic dissection
Endovascular stent-graft repair
41
6 Ps of peripheral vascular disease
Pain Paraesthesia Pulselessness Pallor Paralysis Perishingly cold
42
GOLD investigation for peripheral vascular disease
Ankle-Brachial pressure index <0.9
43
Endocarditis treatment
Staph - vancomycin MRSA - vancomycin + rifampicin Other - benzylpenicillin + gentamycin FOR 6 WEEKS
44
Criteria for rheumatic fever
Jones criteria - recent strep infection + 2 major OR 1 major and 2 minor symptoms
45
Treatment of rheumatic fever
Bed rest Benzylpenicillin IV, then phenoxymethylpenicillin for 10 days Haloperidol/diazepam for chorea

Key facts Phase 2a (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions