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CCRN > Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

S1 caused by

A

Closure of AV valves

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2
Q

What are the AV valves

A

mitral and tricuspid

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3
Q

Where is S1 loudest?

A

Apex

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4
Q

Apex anatomical landmark

A

Midclavicular, 5th ICS

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5
Q

S1 marks beginning of

A

systole

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6
Q

S2 caused by

A

closure of semilunar valves

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7
Q

what are the semilunar valves

A

aortic and pulmonic valves

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8
Q

S2 is loudest at

A

base of the heart

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9
Q

Base anatomical landmark

A

right sternal border, 2nd ICS

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10
Q

Splitting of S2 is caused by?

A

Right bundle branch block

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11
Q

What is S2 louder with?

A

Pulmonary embolism

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12
Q

S3 is associated with what diagonsis?

A

Heart failure

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13
Q

S3 is caused by

A

Pulmonary HTN
Cor pulmonale
Mitral, aortic, and tricuspid insufficiency

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14
Q

Why is S4 not heard in the presences of a-fib?

A

No atrial contraction

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15
Q

S4 is associated with

A

aortic stenosis
MI
HTN

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16
Q

How to determine pulse pressure

A

systolic - diastolic = pulse pressure

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17
Q

Normal pulse pressure

A

40-60

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18
Q

Systolic BP is a measurement of

A

cardiac output

stroke volume

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19
Q

Narrow pulse pressure indicates

A

hypovolemia
drop in cardiac output
cardiogenic shock
cardiac tamponade

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20
Q

Diastolic BP is a measurement of

A

systemic vascular resistance

21
Q

what are perfused during diastole

A

coronary arteries

22
Q

widened pulse pressure indicates

A

vasodilation
sepsis
septic shock

23
Q

systolic murmurs occur when

A

valve is open

24
Q

Diastolic murmurs occur when

A

valve is closed

25
Q

insufficiency is caused by the valve’s inability to

A

close completely

26
Q

stenosis is caused by

A

calcification of the valve

27
Q

Systolic murmurs- semilunar valves are

A

open

28
Q

systolic murmur- AV valves are

A

closed

29
Q

diastolic murmur- semilunar valves are

A

closed

30
Q

diastolic murmur- AV valves are

A

open

31
Q

Unstable Angina S/S

A 
CP at rest
unpredictable
relieved with NTG
Trop Neg
ST depression or T-wave inversion
32
Q

Variant/Prinzmetal Angina is due to

A

coronary artery spasm

33
Q

Variant/Prinzmetal Angina precipitated by

A

nicotine
alcohol
cocaine

34
Q

Variant/Prinzemtal angina EKG

A

transient ST elevation

35
Q

NSTEMI S/S

A

Troponin Positive
ST depression or T wave inversion
Unrelenting chest pain

36
Q

Inferior MI Lead with ST elevation

A

II, III, aVF

37
Q

Anteroseptal Lead with ST elevation

A

V1 and V2

38
Q

Anterior Lead with ST elevation

A

V1-V4

39
Q

Inferior MI artery involved

A

Right Coronary Artery (RCA)

40
Q

Anteroseptal MI artery invovled

A

Left anterior descending

41
Q

Anterior MI artery invovled

A

left anterior descending

42
Q

Low lateral MI leads with ST elevation

A

V5 and V6

43
Q

Low lateral MI artery involved

A

cicumflex

44
Q

High lateral MI Leads

A

I and aVL

45
Q

High Lateral MI artery involved

A

circumflex

46
Q

Posterior MI leads

A

V1 and V2 Depression

- no elevation

47
Q

Posterior MI artery

A

Right coronary artery

48
Q

Right ventricular MI Leads

A

V3R and V4R

49
Q

Right ventricular MI artery

A

Right Coronary Artery

CCRN (1 decks)

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