Cardiovadcular Diseases

Question 1

How does ventricular septum defect form

Answer 1

Upper part of interventricukar septum fails to form and thetr is gap between left and right ventricle. Allows blood to mix between ventricles

Question 2

Why is blood shunted more to the right in ventricular septum defect

Answer 2

Left ventricle is more muscular and contracts more strongly

Question 3

In coarctation of the aorta, what hapones

Answer 3

Part of aorta is narrowed so left ventricle works harder to pump blood around the body

Question 4

Four abnormalities of tetralogy of fallot

Answer 4

Narrowing of pulmonary valve - RV works harder to pump blood
Thickening of RV wall- occurs as RV has increased workload but reduces capacity of RV
Displacement of aorta over ventricular septal defect - harder for blood to be pumped out of heart
Ventricular septal defect

Question 5

How does aortic stenosis form

Answer 5

Calcification of valves caused by rheumatic heart disease

Question 6

Development of atherosclerosis

Answer 6

Damage to endothelium
Infiltration of macrophages and development of fatty streaks
Accounikqtioj of intracellulaire lipids
Deposition of extra cellular lipid
Fibrosis and calcification
Rupture of fibrous cap and thrombosis

Question 7

Surgical treatments for atherosclerosis

Answer 7

Endar

Question 8

Treatments for atherosclerosis

Answer 8

Endarterectomy- remove plaque
Balloon angioplasty
Coronary artery bypass

Question 9

Purpose of lymphatic system

Answer 9

Return excess flui to the blood
Transport large molecules to the blood
Produces and transports leukocytes to the blood

Question 10

Disadvantages of PTCA( ballon angioplasyy)

Answer 10

Prone to restonsis

Question 12

How does valve stenosis affect