cardiorespiratory system

Question 1

functions of the cardiovascular system

Answer 1

circulate blood
transport oxygen, water and nutrients to cells
maintain body temperature
fight disease (white blood cells)

Question 2

systemic circulation

Answer 2

blood circulation to body

Question 3

pulmonary circulation

Answer 3

blood circulation to lungs

Question 4

systolic blood pressure

Answer 4

pressure in artery walls when heart contracts

Question 5

diastolic blood pressure

Answer 5

pressure in artery walls when heart relaxes

Question 6

thermoregulation

Answer 6

the maintenance of core body temperature within a narrow range

Question 7

homeostasis

Answer 7

a constant internal environment for optimal functioning of the body and its systems

Question 8

vasoconstriction

Answer 8

blood vessels constricting to reduce heat loss, moving blood towards inner organs

Question 9

vasodilation

Answer 9

blood vessels dilating to increase heat loss, moving blood towards skin

Question 10

hypothermia

Answer 10

body temperature lower than 35 degrees celcius

Question 11

hyperthermia

Answer 11

body temperature higher than 37.5-38.3 degrees celcius

Question 12

acute response

Answer 12

immediate short-term response, lasting only the duration of activity + recovery

Question 13

cardiovascular acute responses to physical activity

Answer 13

increased stroke volume
increased heart rate
increased cardiac output
increased systolic blood pressure
increased blood flow and vessel diameter
blood flow retribution
decreased blood volume
increased arteriovenous oxygen difference

Question 14

stroke volume (SV)

Answer 14

ml of blood pumped out of the heart in a beat

Question 15

heart rate (HR)

Answer 15

number of times the heart beats in a minute

Question 16

cardiac output (Q)

Answer 16

ml of blood pumped out of the heart in a minute

Question 17

function of the respiratory system

Answer 17

brings air into lungs
transfer oxygen into blood, removes carbon dioxide from blood
expels heat and water vapor (waste products)
allow vocal cords to create speech

Question 18

pleura

Answer 18

protective membrane that wraps covers the lung

Question 19

alveoli

Answer 19

microscopic cup shaped sacs
1 cell thick walls to allow gas exchange through diffusion
surrounded by capillaries

Question 20

diaphragm

Answer 20

involuntary muscle, helps lungs in breathing

Question 21

ventilation (V)

Answer 21

amount of air inspired and expired in 1 minute

TVxRR=V

Question 22

tidal volume (TV)

Answer 22

amount of air inspired and expired in 1 breath
plateaus at high intensity exercise

Question 23

respiratory rate (RR)

Answer 23

amount of breaths per minute

Question 24

inspiration

Answer 24

air breathed in

Question 25

expiration

Answer 25

air breathed out

Question 26

vital capacity

Answer 26

maximum amount of air that can be expired after max inspiration

Question 27

residual volume

Answer 27

air left in lungs after max expiration

Question 28

inspiratory reserve capacity

Answer 28

max extra inspired air after normal inspiration

Question 29

expiratory reserve capacity

Answer 29

max air expired after normal expiration

Question 30

VO2 max

Answer 30

max amount of O2 per min that can be taken in, transported to and used by muscles to produce ATP

reflects aerobic power, measures efficiency of cardiorespiratory and muscular systems during exercise

Question 31

respiratory system acute responses to physical activity

Answer 31

increased ventilation, tidal volume, respiratory rate
increased diffusion
increased oxygen uptake
increased efforts from intercostal muscles and diaphragm