Cardiorespiratory/endocrine/digestive systems

Question 1

3 types of muscle

Answer 1

Skeletal, smooth, cardiac

Question 2

Bradycardia

Answer 2

less than 60 BPM

Question 3

Tachycardia

Answer 3

More than 100 BPM

Question 4

Average RHR

Answer 4

Normal 70/80 BPM
Men: 70
Women: 75

Question 5

Blood is comprised of:

Answer 5

55% plasma

45% red / white blood cells & platelets.

Question 6

Adult hearts holds approx. how many liters?

Answer 6

4-6 L

Question 7

Valsalva Manuever

Answer 7

increase in intra-abdominal pressure / pregnant / High blood pressure should
breathe through the concentric & eccentric portions of the lift to avoid this

Question 8

Normal Breathing Rate

Answer 8

12-16 Breaths/min

Question 9

Tachypnea

Answer 9

Greater than 24 breaths/minute

Question 10

Bradypnea

Answer 10

Less than 8 breaths/minute

Question 11

Dysfunctional breathing (slow breaths) are due to:

Answer 11

overactive sternocleidomastoid & scalenes which can cause headaches, lightheaded and
dizziness.

Question 12

Catabolic hormones:

Answer 12

cortisol (adrenal cortex/glands), glucagon (pancreas)

Question 13

Anabolic Hormones:

Answer 13

HGH (pituitary gland), testosterone (testes males via Leydig cells; adrenal glands females), insulin (pancreas), IGF (liver)

Question 14

Adrenal glands produce:

Answer 14

catecholamines (adrenaline & norepinephrine)

Question 15

Insulin vs glucagon

Answer 15

Antagonist of one another.

Insulin lowers blood glucose levels.
Glucagon raises blood glucose levels.

Question 16

Thyroid hormones monitor:

Answer 16

Basal metabolic rate and the release of calcitonin

Question 17

GI-tract anatomy & digestion (smooth muscle):

Answer 17

Mastication, esophagus, stomach, small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, Ileum), large intestine (ascending, transverse, descending.)

Question 18

Resting oxygen consumption is approximately aka 1 MET?

Answer 18

3.5 mL of oxygen per kilogram of body weight per minute (3.5 mL · kg−1 · min−1)