cardiorespiratory Flashcards
cardiorespiratory complications
fat embolism
pe/dvt
atelectasis
pneumonia
pneumonia abx
Mild: Co-amoxiclav 625mg oral TDS
Moderate: Co-amoxiclav 625mg oral TDS
Severe: Tazocin 4.5g TDS IV
pneumonia ix
routine bloods (FBC, CRP, and U&Es)
ABG
sputum sample for culture
cxr
management for atelectasis
deep breathing exercises and chest physiotherapy. This ensures that the airways are opened maximally and coughing can be performed effectively.
pain control to allow pt to deep breathe
fat embolism
pe = ddx
dx = gurd’s criteria
management = ventilation
long bone fracture/ surgery
virchow’s triad
abnormal blood flow
abnormal blood components
abnormal vessel wall
rx for vet/pe
Increasing age Previous VTE Smoking Pregnancy or recently post-partum Recent surgery (especially abdominal surgery, pelvic surgery, or hip or knee replacements) Prolonged immobility (> 3 days) Hormone replacement therapy or the combined oral contraceptive pill Current active malignancy Obesity
clinical features of vte
unilateral leg pain and swelling. Other symptoms include low-grade pyrexia, pitting oedema, tenderness or prominent superficial veins.
lx for dvt
well’s score
Score less than or equal to 1 – DVT is clinically unlikely, requires a further D-dimer test to exclude*
Score greater than 1 – DVT is clinically likely and a DVT diagnosis should be confirmed via either a ultrasound scan
d-dimer
mnx of vte
direct oral anticoagulants* (DOACs) are now recommended as as first line treatment for DVT. Caution is advised in those with chronic renal impairment or if taking potentially interacting medications
apixaban
pe well score results
Score less than or equal to 4 – PE clinically unlikely, requires a further D-dimer test to exclude*
Score greater than 4 – PE clinically likely and a PE diagnosis should be confirmed with a CT Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA) scan (or V/Q scan in those with poor renal function).
