Cardiopulmonary System

Question 1

when does vasculature and heart development begin?

Answer 1

3-4 weeks after conception

Question 2

when does the heart tube begin to elongate?

Answer 2

20 days gestation

Question 3

when does circulation begin?

Answer 3

4 weeks gestation

Question 4

when does the heart begin to beat and pump blood

Answer 4

4 weeks

Question 4

when does the heart form into a 4 chamber structure

Answer 4

week 7

Question 5

heart volume at birth

Answer 5

40 mL

Question 6

heart volume at age 2

Answer 6

160 mL

Question 6

heart volume at 6 months

Answer 6

80 mL

Question 7

ratio of heart volume to body weight

Answer 7

10 mL/kg of body weight

Question 8

heart vascularization ratio at birth

Answer 8

1 vessel for every 6 muscle fibers

Question 9

heart vascularization ratio in adults

Answer 9

1:1

Question 10

fetal blood O2 saturation

Answer 10

70%

Question 11

O2 saturation of blood post-nasally

Answer 11

97%

Question 13

newborn Hb levels

Answer 13

20 g/100mL

Question 14

3-6 month old Hb levels

Answer 14

10 g/100 mL

Question 15

adult Hb levels

Answer 15

14-16 g/mL

Question 16

blood volume at birth

Answer 16

300-400L

Question 17

blood volume in adults

Answer 17

5L

Question 18

stroke volume at birth

Answer 18

4 mL

Question 19

stroke volume in children

Answer 19

40 mL

Question 20

stroke volume in adults

Answer 20

60 mL

Question 21

newborn heart rate

Answer 21

110 bpm

Question 22

1 y.o heart rate

Answer 22

105 bpm

Question 23

when is heart size increase in women most evident

Answer 23

between 30s and 60s

Question 24

_____ amount of heart attacks per year

Answer 24

1 million

Question 25

_____ adults with heart failure

Answer 25

5 million

Question 26

what occurs to the pulmonary system at 4-8 weeks gestation?

Answer 26

- differentiation of trachea and bronchi - lung buds form - bronchi begin to form in the lungs

Question 27

when do the primitive alveoli begin to form

Answer 27

6 weeks gestation

Question 28

when is the conducting zone developed?

Answer 28

8 weeks

Question 29

when is surfactant produced?

Answer 29

24 weeks

Question 30

when is the viable respiratory zone developed?

Answer 30

26-28 weeks

Question 31

increase in the number of alveoli stops at what age?

Answer 31

8 years old

Question 32

decreased smooth muscle in bronchiole walls occurs until what age

Answer 32

3-4 years old

Question 33

increased risk of respiratory infections occur up until what age

Answer 33

6-8 years old

Question 34

smooth muscle in arterial walls of alveoli are fully developed at what age?

Answer 34

19 years old

Question 35

when are functional impairments in pulmonary development evident?

Answer 35

7th decade of life (60's)

Question 36

when does a decrease in vital capacity/increase in residual volume (75%) occur?

Answer 36

age 75

Question 37

Resting HR: newborns

Answer 37

120-125

Question 38

Resting HR: 2 years

Answer 38

110

Question 39

Resting HR: 10 years

Answer 39

90

Question 40

Resting HR: 16 years

Answer 40

75-80

Question 41

Resting HR: <45, 45-65

Answer 41

74-76

Question 42

Resting HR: older adult

Answer 42

74-76

Question 43

Blood pressure: newborn

Answer 43

73/55

Question 44

Blood pressure: 2 years

Answer 44

91/56

Question 45

Blood pressure: 10 years

Answer 45

102/62

Question 46

Blood pressure: 16 years

Answer 46

117/67

Question 47

Blood pressure: adult <45, 45-65

Answer 47

120/80 (140/85)

Question 48

Blood pressure: older adult

Answer 48

150/85

Question 49

Respiratory Rate: newborns

Answer 49

30-40

Question 50

Respiratory Rate: 2 years

Answer 50

25-32

Question 51

Respiratory Rate: 10 years

Answer 51

20-26

Question 52

Respiratory Rate: 16 years

Answer 52

16-20

Question 53

Respiratory Rate: adult <45, 45-65

Answer 53

10-20

Question 54

When does the heart begin to beat?

Answer 54

23 days